Role of Metformin in Preventing New-Onset Chronic Kidney Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

: Recent evidence supports the protective role of metformin on kidney function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, its potential to prevent new-onset chronic kidney disease (CKD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with normal renal function remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether metformin could prevent the development of new-onset CKD in such patients.

The AHR-NRF2-JDP2 gene battery: Ligand-induced AHR transcriptional activation.

Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) and nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) can regulate a series of genes encoding the detoxifying phase I and II enzymes, via a signaling crosstalk known as the "AHR-NRF2 gene battery". The chromatin transcriptional regulator Jun dimerization protein 2 (JDP2) plays a central role in thetranscription of AHR gene in response to the phase I enzyme ligand 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. It forms a transcriptional complex with AHR-AHR nuclear translocator (ARNT) and NRF2-small musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma proteins (sMAF), which are then recruited to the respective cis-elements, such as dioxin response elements and antioxidant response elements, respectively, in the AHR promoter.

Psychometric properties of the Chinese version of Everyday Cognition Scale (ECog) in Taiwanese older adults.

Background And Objectives: The Everyday Cognition Scale (ECog) is widely employed for the subjective rating of functional activities of daily living in older adults. This study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of both informant-rated and self-rated ECog in Taiwanese older individuals to assess its applicability in this context.

Research Design And Methods: A total of 1166 subjects, including older adults (n = 583) and their primary caregivers or family members (n = 583), were recruited.

Using a machine learning algorithm and clinical data to predict the risk factors of disease recurrence after adjuvant treatment of advanced-stage oral cavity cancer.

Objectives: Head-and-neck cancer is a major cancer in Taiwan. Most patients are in the advanced stage at initial diagnosis. In addition to primary surgery, adjuvant therapy, including chemotherapy and radiotherapy, is also necessary to treat these patients.

Short-term and long-term outcomes of acute severe ulcerative colitis in Taiwan: a multicenter study with pre- and post-biologics comparison.

Background/aims: Data from Asia regarding the short-term and long-term outcomes for acute severe ulcerative colitis (ASUC) are limited. We assessed the outcomes of ASUC, identified the risk factors for colectomy, and compared colectomy rates between the pre-biologics and post-biologics eras in Taiwan.

Methods: The patients with an ASUC diagnosis between January 2013 and March 2022 at 5 tertiary medical centers were retrospectively analyzed.