Recommendations to Increase Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation Training Intensity During Quadriceps Treatments for Orthopedic Knee Conditions.

Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) is often used by clinicians as a therapeutic adjunct to improve quadriceps strength deficits following orthopedic knee conditions. The efficacy of NMES treatments is primarily dependent on the NMES training intensity, which is a direct result of NMES-induced torque production. The importance of NMES training intensity is well known, yet adequate NMES training intensities are often difficult to achieve due to a variety of limitations associated with NMES (eg, fatigue and patient discomfort).

Religious Fundamentalism, Humor, and Treatment Outcomes in Individuals in Court-Mandated Substance Abuse Outpatient Treatment.

The relationship between religious fundamentalism, humor, and psychological well-being was examined with a sample of individuals ( n = 109) being treated for drug abuse in a court-mandated AA outpatient program. Three separate factors of religious fundamentalism were found through exploratory factor analysis of the Revised Religious Fundamentalism Scale, and these were named Righteous-Evil Worldview, True Religion, and Scriptural Literalism. Psychological well-being of individuals in court-mandated outpatient substance abuse treatment was found to be correlated with high levels of humor but not religious fundamentalism.

National Athletic Trainers' Association Position Statement: Management of Acute Skin Trauma.

Objective:   To present recommendations for the cleansing, debridement, dressing, and monitoring of acute skin trauma in patients.

Background:   Acute skin trauma is common during participation in athletic and recreational activities. Clinical decisions and intervention protocols after injury vary among athletic trainers and are often based on ritualistic practices.