A Polar Flagellar Transcriptional Program Mediated by Diverse Two-Component Signal Transduction Systems and Basal Flagellar Proteins Is Broadly Conserved in Polar Flagellates.

Bacterial flagella are rotating nanomachines required for motility. Flagellar gene expression and protein secretion are coordinated for efficient flagellar biogenesis. Polar flagellates, unlike peritrichous bacteria, commonly order flagellar rod and hook gene transcription as a separate step after production of the MS ring, C ring, and flagellar type III secretion system (fT3SS) core proteins that form a competent fT3SS.

High apolipoprotein B, low apolipoprotein A-I, and improvement in the prediction of fatal myocardial infarction (AMORIS study): a prospective study.

Background: Apolipoprotein B (apoB) and apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) are thought to be better predictors of acute myocardial infarction than total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol. We investigated whether apoB and apoA-I are predictors of risk of fatal myocardial infarction. We also aimed to establish whether apoB and apoA-I add further information about risk of fatal myocardial infarction to that obtained with total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL-cholesterol.

Apolipoprotein B and A-I values in 147576 Swedish males and females, standardized according to the World Health Organization-International Federation of Clinical Chemistry First International Reference Materials.

Serum concentrations of apolipoprotein (apo) B and apo A-I were measured from 1985-1996 in a Swedish population sample of 83 112 males and 64 464 females, ages <20 to >80 years, using an automated immunoturbidimetric method calibrated against fresh pools of human serum and commercial calibrators. All values were recalculated in 1997 after calibration against the WHO-IFCC First International Reference Materials. The recalculation factor was 1.

Serum urate, serum glucose and diabetes.

We have studied the relationship between serum glucose and urate in 260,699 men and 214,118 women from Sweden, and 140,084 men and 30,653 women from the UK. We found an increase in mean serum urate with increasing glucose concentrations up to 7.0 mmol/L in men and 9.

Apolipoprotein B and A-I in relation to serum cholesterol and triglycerides in 43,000 Swedish males and females.

Automated methods for the determination of apolipoprotein B and apolipoprotein A-I were developed, tested, and applied in screening programs of large populations to improve information about the composition and degree of hyperlipoproteinemia. Apolipoproteins B and A-I, total cholesterol, and triglyceride levels were measured in 25,659 males and 18,144 females between 20 and 79 years of age, the majority subjectively healthy. The immunoturbidimetric methods used for apolipoproteins B and A-I were shown to be stable over time, and the errors of the methods were below 7%.