The influence of the pollination compatibility type on the pistil expression in European pear ().

The gene plays an essential role in the gametophytic self-incompatibility (GSI) system of . It codes for the stylar-expressed S-RNase protein which inhibits the growth of incompatible pollen tubes through cytotoxicity and the induction of programmed cell death in the pollen tube. While research on the GSI system has primarily focused on the gene, there is still a lack of insight into its spatiotemporal expression profile and the factors that regulate it.

Phenotyping, genetics, and "-omics" approaches to unravel and introgress enhanced resistance against apple scab () in apple cultivars ( × ).

Apple scab disease, caused by the fungus , endangers commercial apple production globally. It is predominantly managed by frequent fungicide sprays that can harm the environment and promote the development of fungicide-resistant strains. Cultivation of scab-resistant cultivars harboring diverse qualitative resistance loci and quantitative trait loci associated with scab resistance could reduce the chemical footprint.

Time Is of the Essence-Early Activation of the Mevalonate Pathway in Apple Challenged With Gray Mold Correlates With Reduced Susceptibility During Postharvest Storage.

Apple is typically stored under low temperature and controlled atmospheric conditions to ensure a year round supply of high quality fruit for the consumer. During storage, losses in quality and quantity occur due to spoilage by postharvest pathogens. One important postharvest pathogen of apple is .

A semi in vivo pollination technique to assess the level of gametophytic self-incompatibility and pollen tube growth in pear (Pyrus communis L.).

We describe a semi in vivo pollination technique to determine the compatibility relation between different pear cultivars. This assay provides a valuable addition to existing tools in GSI research. The gametophytic self-incompatibility (GSI) system in Pyrus inhibits fertilization by pollen that shares one of the two S-alleles of the style.

Inoculation of pear flowers with Metschnikowia reukaufii and Acinetobacter nectaris enhances attraction of honeybees and hoverflies, but does not increase fruit and seed set.

Currently, one of the most important challenges is to provide sufficient and affordable food and energy for a fast-growing world population, alongside preserving natural habitats and maintaining biodiversity. About 35% of the global food production depends on animals for pollination. In recent years, an alarming worldwide decline in pollinators has been reported, putting our food production under additional pressure.