Publications by authors named "W I Awad"
Objective: The primary objective of this study is to quantify the incidence of stroke following cardiac surgery over 17 years at our centre. Additionally, we evaluated the potential risk factors leading to postoperative stroke in these patients.
Methods: Patient characteristics and perioperative data were collected for 24,412 patients undergoing surgery at our centre between January 2005 and December 2021.
Tobacco smoking is prevalent across the world and causes numerous diseases. Cigarette smoke (CS) compromises immunity, yet little is known of the components of CS that impact T cell function. MR1 is a ubiquitous molecule that presents bacterial metabolites to MAIT cells, which are highly abundant in the lungs.
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- The national early warning score (NEWS) aims to enhance the detection and assessment of severe acute illnesses in NHS patients, specifically evaluating its effectiveness for cardiac surgery patients.
- A study of 3710 adult cardiac surgery patients assessed how well a NEWS trigger score of 5 predicted patient deterioration and outcomes after surgery, finding that 4.4% of patients prompted Critical Care Outreach Team (CCOT) calls.
- Results showed higher in-hospital mortality rates for patients referred to the CCOT (10.5%) compared to those not referred (3.9%), indicating a need for tailored scoring systems for better patient outcomes in cardiac care.
MR1 presents vitamin B6-related compounds for recognition by MR1-reactive T cells.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
December 2024
The major histocompatibility complex class I related protein (MR1) presents microbially derived vitamin B2 precursors to mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells. MR1 can also present other metabolites to activate MR1-restricted T cells expressing more diverse T cell receptors (TCRs), some with anti-tumor reactivity. However, knowledge of the range of the antigen(s) that can activate diverse MR1-reactive T cells remains incomplete.
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- Patients with breast cancer often face serious adverse events (AEs) during treatment, particularly while receiving antineoplastic therapy in outpatient settings.
- A study involving 1168 patients found that 40% experienced at least one serious AE, leading to emergency department visits or treatment adjustments.
- The most common AEs observed were musculoskeletal and gastrointestinal issues, and taxane-based treatments were linked to the highest incidence of AEs, highlighting a need for strategies to minimize these complications in future research.