Chiropractic Care in the Management of Inactive Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Case Series.

Objective: This report describes chiropractic management for 3 cases of inactive ankylosing spondylitis (AS).

Clinical Features: A 25-year-old woman presented with chronic, mechanical neck pain and stiffness that was ultimately diagnosed as AS. A 23-year-old man presented with chronic low back and left hip pain that was diagnosed as AS.

Shoulder Internal Derangement and Osteoarthritis in a 25-Year-Old Female Softball Athlete.

Objective: The purpose of this report is to describe osteoarthritis and internal derangement of the shoulder in a collegiate softball player.

Clinical Features: A 25-year-old female softball athlete presented with a history of chronic right shoulder pain. A thorough clinical examination and multiple imaging studies were performed.

Environmental estrogens suppress hormones, behavior, and reproductive fitness in male fathead minnows.

This study explored the possibility that environmental estrogens in sewage effluent may reduce the reproductive fitness of adult male fish by suppressing their reproductive behaviors, including their ability to compete for nests and females. Male fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) were exposed for three weeks to either blank control, effluent released by a sewage treatment plant (STPE), waterborne estradiol (E2), or a synthetic androgen (methyltestosterone [MT]). Afterward, fish were placed with females and a nest, and their behavior was monitored for 5 d in either the presence or the absence of a competing (unexposed control) male.