Long-term safety of lentiviral or gammaretroviral gene-modified T cell therapies.

Long-term risks of gene therapy are not fully understood. In this study, we evaluated safety outcomes in 783 patients over more than 2,200 total patient-years of observation from 38 T cell therapy trials. The trials employed integrating gammaretroviral or lentiviral vectors to deliver engineered receptors to target HIV-1 infection or cancer.

Effects of shared decision-making on the prognosis of peritoneal dialysis patients.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients face critical decisions in choosing kidney replacement therapy such as hemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD), which significantly affect their quality of life and health outcomes. Recent studies highlight the importance of shared decision-making (SDM) in helping patients understand their treatment options and make informed choices. SDM not only improves patient satisfaction and autonomy but also emphasizes the need for comprehensive pre-dialysis education to support optimal treatment selection.

Ratio of Skeletal Muscle Mass to Visceral Fat Area Is a Useful Marker for Assessing Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction among Koreans with Preserved Ejection Fraction: An Analysis of the Random Forest Model.

Background: Although the presence of both obesity and reduced muscle mass presents a dual metabolic burden and additively has a negative effect on a variety of cardiometabolic parameters, data regarding the associations between their combined effects and left ventricular diastolic function are limited. This study investigated the association between the ratio of skeletal muscle mass to visceral fat area (SVR) and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) in patients with preserved ejection fraction using random forest machine learning.

Methods: In total, 1,070 participants with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction who underwent comprehensive health examinations, including transthoracic echocardiography and bioimpedance body composition analysis, were enrolled.

Artificial Intelligence-Based Classification and Segmentation of Bladder Cancer in Cystoscope Images.

Background/objectives: Cystoscopy is necessary for diagnosing bladder cancer, but it has limitations in identifying ambiguous lesions, such as carcinoma in situ (CIS), which leads to a high recurrence rate of bladder cancer. With the significant advancements in deep learning in the medical field, several studies have explored its application in cystoscopy. This study aimed to utilize the VGG19 and Deeplab v3+ deep learning models to classify and segment cystoscope images, respectively.

Anesthetic Approaches and Their Impact on Cancer Recurrence and Metastasis: A Comprehensive Review.

Cancer recurrence and metastasis remain critical challenges following surgical resection, influenced by complex perioperative mechanisms. This review explores how surgical stress triggers systemic changes, such as neuroendocrine responses, immune suppression, and inflammation, which promote the dissemination of residual cancer cells and circulating tumor cells. Key mechanisms, such as epithelial-mesenchymal transition and angiogenesis, further enhance metastasis, while hypoxia-inducible factors and inflammatory responses create a microenvironment conducive to tumor progression.