Development and Implementation of a Context-Specific Multi-modal Point-of-Care Ultrasound Curriculum for a Kenyan Family Medicine Residency Program.

Access to diagnostic imaging is significantly limited in much of the world, and sub-Saharan Africa is no exception. Clinician-performed point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) may provide increased access to diagnostic imaging for many patients in low-resource settings, but training in this modality is limited. We describe the development and implementation of a context-specific, multi-modal pilot POCUS curriculum involving hands-on instruction, in-person and online didactics, asynchronous online image review, and quantitative evaluation.

Costs of Influenza Illness and Acute Respiratory Infections by Household Income Level: Catastrophic Health Expenditures and Implications for Health Equity.

Background: Seasonal influenza illness and acute respiratory infections can impose a substantial economic burden in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We assessed the cost of influenza illness and acute respiratory infections across household income strata.

Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of data from a prior systematic review of costs of influenza and other respiratory illnesses in LMICs and contacted authors to obtain data on cost of illness (COI) for laboratory-confirmed influenza-like illness and acute respiratory infection.

Echocardiographic classification of dogs with aortic stenosis: potential utility of a novel staging system.

Introduction: Severity of aortic stenosis (AS) in humans is classified using a staging system based on two-dimensional echocardiographic changes, which considers the extent of global cardiac damage. Currently, classification of canine AS is based on trans-aortic pressure gradient (PG) alone. This study aimed to retrospectively classify dogs with AS based on an adapted human staging system, exploring feasibility of classification and the association between stage and features such as PG and clinical signs.

Depletion of conventional CD4 T cells is required for robust priming and dissemination of tumor antigen-specific CD8 T cells in the setting of anti-CD4 therapy.

Background: Overcoming immune suppression is a major barrier to eliciting potent CD8 T cell responses against cancer. Treatment with anti-CD4 monoclonal antibody is an effective means for eliminating CD4Foxp3 regulatory (Treg) cells in preclinical models and has also demonstrated efficacy in early clinical trials. However, the underlying basis for treatment efficacy, more specifically the implications of codepleting other CD4-expressing cell compartments in tumor-bearing hosts, is not well understood.

The American Academy of Emergency Nurse Practitioners: The First Years.

In 2014, Dr. Elda Ramirez, alongside Dr. Arlo Weltge and Dr.