Bayesian Mediation Analysis for Time-to-Event Outcome: Investigating Racial Disparity in Breast Cancer Survival.

Mediation analysis is conducted to make inferences on effects of mediators that intervene the relationship between an exposure variable and an outcome. Bayesian mediation analysis (BMA) naturally considers the hierarchical structure of the effects from the exposure variable to mediators and then to the outcome. We propose three BMA methods on survival outcomes, where mediation effects are measured in terms of hazard rate, survival time, or log of survival time respectively.

Non-mutated human tau stimulates Alzheimer's disease-relevant neurodegeneration in a microglia-dependent manner.

The accumulation of abnormal, non-mutated tau protein is a key pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Despite its strong association with disease progression, the mechanisms by which tau drives neurodegeneration in the brain remain poorly understood. Here, we selectively expressed non-mutated or mutated human microtubule-associated protein tau ( ) in neurons across the brain and observed neurodegeneration in the hippocampus, especially associated with non-mutated human tau.

[Distribution characteristics and heritability of alcohol consumption behavior in adult twins in China].

To describe the distribution characteristics of alcohol consumption in adult twins in the Chinese National Twin Registry (CNTR), and further explore the influence of genetic factors on alcohol consumption in adult twins. The subjects of the study were twins registered by CNTR in 11 project areas across China from 2010 to 2018. A total of 56 966 twins (28 483 pairs) aged 18 years and above who answered questions about drinking behavior were included, and the random effect model was used to describe the population and regional distribution characteristics of alcohol consumption.

Quality deterioration mechanism of freeze-thawed sweet potato oat dough: In terms of ice crystals and protein changes.

Sweet potato-oat composite dough is a nutritious, functional dough with promising market potential. This study investigates its quality changes during freeze-thaw cycles from the perspectives of ice crystals and protein alterations to provide theoretical support for its processing and production. After freeze-thaw cycles, both the storage modulus and loss modulus of the dough decrease, resulting in increased hardness, reduced resilience and chewiness, lower sensory scores, decreased specific volume, and darker color.

Structural analysis and anti-hepatic fibrosis effects of a homogeneous polysaccharide from Radix Puerariae lobatae (Willd.) Ohwi roots.

Radix Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi, renowned for its medicinal properties, has garnered significant research interest, particularly in its polysaccharide components. In this study, a novel water-soluble polysaccharide (50PLP) was isolated and characterized from P.