Self-assembly of isolated plasmonic dimers with sub-5 nm gaps on a metallic mirror.

Realizing plasmonic nanogaps with a refractive index ( = 1) environment in metallic nanoparticle (NP) structures is highly attractive for a wide range of applications. So far in self-assembly-based approaches, without surface functionalization of metallic NPs, achieving such extremely small nanogaps is challenging. Surface functionalization introduces changes in the refractive index at nanogaps, which in turn deteriorates the desired plasmonic properties.

Targeting interleukin-6 pathways in giant cell arteritis management: A narrative review of evidence.

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a chronic inflammatory vasculitis with a significant impact on vascular and patient health. It may present with non-specific symptoms and can lead to severe complications if not managed effectively. This narrative review explores the treatment of GCA with interleukin-6 (IL-6) pathway inhibitors, focusing on key studies from selected databases published between 2018 and 2024.

Mechanochemical synthesis and transformation of the polymorphic double carbonates fairchildite and buetschliite, (KCa(CO)): an X-ray powder diffraction study.

This study presents the mechanochemical synthesis of the two KCa(CO) polymorphs, fairchildite and buetschliite, from CaCO and KCO using a shaker mill. Unlike previous methods requiring high temperatures and prolonged heating, fairchildite, a high-temperature polymorph, is formed initially in all experiments, adhering to Ostwald's rule of stages. Notably, the transformation to the stable buetschliite phase can be achieved by varying milling parameters, particularly frequency and moisture content.