Publications by authors named "W G Meekison"
Safety and immunogenicity of a toddler dose following an infant series of a hexavalent diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis, inactivated poliovirus, Haemophilus influenzae type b, hepatitis B vaccine administered concurrently or at separate visits with a heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine.
Pediatr Infect Dis J
January 2014
Background: Combination diphtheria-tetanus-5 component acellular pertussis-inactivated poliovirus-Haemophilus influenzae b conjugate-hepatitis B vaccine (DTaP5-IPV-Hib-HepB) administered either concurrently with 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) or 1 month apart was generally safe and immunogenic at 2, 4 and 6 months of age. This study examined the effects of a booster dose at age 15 months.
Methods: Participants were randomized to DTaP5-IPV-Hib-HepB plus PCV7, DTaP5-IPV-Hib-HepB with PCV7 administered 1 month later or a pentavalent DTaP5-IPV/Hib plus HepB plus PCV7 at 15 months of age in a randomized, open-label, phase IIb clinical trial.
Background: DTaP₅-IPV-Hib-HepB, an investigational hexavalent combination vaccine, was evaluated for safety and immunogenicity, when administered to infants with heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7).
Methods: Infants were randomized to receive DTaP₅-IPV-Hib-HepB plus PCV7, DTaP₅-IPV-Hib-HepB with PCV7 administered 1 month later or DTaP₅-IPV/Hib plus HepB plus PCV7 at 2, 4 and 6 months of age in an open-label, phase IIb trial. Vaccine responses were assessed by pertussis toxoid, filamentous hemagglutinin, pertactin and fimbriae types 2/3 seroconversion rates, Haemophilus influenzae type b polyribosylribitol phosphate capsular polysaccharide, hepatitis B surface antigen, diphtheria toxoid, tetanus toxoid and poliovirus types 1, 2 and 3 seroprotection rates and geometric mean titers.
Persistence of antibodies after a single dose of Tdap vaccine (tetanus, diphtheria, and 5-component acellular pertussis vaccine) was evaluated in a follow-up study of adolescents (N=324) and adults (N=644) who had received Tdap in earlier clinical trials. Outcome measures were seroprotection (tetanus and diphtheria) or seropositivity (pertussis) and geometric mean concentrations. Humoral immune responses to all antigens were robust 1 month after initial immunization, decreased at subsequent measurements, but continued to exceed pre-immunization levels 1, 3, 5, and 10 years later.
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- Tdap boosters are not currently recommended for adults in Canada and the U.S., even though regular tetanus and diphtheria boosters are.
- An open-label study involving 769 adults compared the safety and immune response of a first dose of Tdap with a repeat dose for those who had received it 10 years earlier.
- Results showed that both groups had high rates of mild adverse events post-vaccination, with antibody levels reaching noninferiority benchmarks for tetanus and diphtheria, while the repeat dose group showed slightly better pertussis immunity, indicating good safety and immune response for the repeat Tdap dose.
Article Synopsis
- A study examined the effects of a second Tdap vaccine dose in adults 5 years after their first one, noting that while booster shots for tetanus and diphtheria are common, another pertussis dose isn't regularly recommended.
- The study involved 545 participants aged 15 to 69, who reported various side effects, with 94.2% experiencing at least one adverse event like pain, headache, or fever, which were slightly more common than after the first dose.
- Despite the side effects, the vaccine effectively increased antibody levels against tetanus, diphtheria, and several pertussis components, indicating it was both safe and effective for this second dose.