Starting points for the development of new targeted therapies for glioblastoma multiforme.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the most aggressive and lethal brain tumors, characterized by rapid growth, invasiveness, and resistance to standard therapies, including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Despite advances in treatment, GBM remains highly resistant due to its complex molecular mechanisms, including angiogenesis, invasion, immune modulation, and lipid metabolism dysregulation. This review explores recent breakthroughs in targeted therapies, focusing on innovative drug carriers such as nanoparticles and liposomes, and their potential to overcome GBM's chemo- and radioresistant phenotypes.

Treatment of antibiotic-resistant bacteria colonizing diabetic foot ulcers by OLED induced antimicrobial photodynamic therapy.

We evaluate the efficacy of antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (APDT) for inactivating a variety of antibiotic-resistant clinical strains from diabetic foot ulcers. Here we are focused on APDT based on organic light-emitting diodes (OLED). The wound swabs from ten patients diagnosed with diabetic foot ulcers were collected and 32 clinical strains comprising 22 bacterial species were obtained.

Phage Interactions with the Nervous System in Health and Disease.

The central nervous system manages all of our activities (e.g., direct thinking and decision-making processes).

Ceramide is implicated in humoral peripheral and intrathecal autoimmune response in MS patients.

Background: The disturbed metabolism of ceramide (Cer) is supposed to evoke the autoimmune response, contributing to MS pathology.

Objectives: To determine levels of anti-Cer immunoglobulins G (IgGs) in the CSF and serum of subjects with various phenotypes of MS, and to investigate relationships between levels of anti-Cer antibodies and MS-related variables.

Methods: IgGs isolated from serum and the CSF of 68 MS patients and appropriate controls were examined for their reactivity to Cer subspecies.