The Solar EruptioN Integral Field Spectrograph.

The Solar eruptioN Integral Field Spectrograph (SNIFS) is a solar-gazing spectrograph scheduled to fly in the summer of 2025 on a NASA sounding rocket. Its goal is to view the solar chromosphere and transition region at a high cadence (1 s) both spatially ( ) and spectrally (33 mÅ) viewing wavelengths around Lyman alpha (1216 Å), Si iii (1206 Å), and O v (1218 Å) to observe spicules, nanoflares, and possibly a solar flare. This time cadence will provide yet-unobserved detail about fast-changing features of the Sun.

A Nursing Leadership Immersion Program: Succession Planning Using Social Capital.

This article describes the inception and evolution of a 3-month immersion experience between hospital and nurse leaders where sociological principles were applied to support nurse leader succession. Unique to this program, the bedside nurse joins the nursing executive team full time to participate in all organizational leadership activities as part of the experience.

The effect of bleaching on enamel susceptibility to acid erosion and demineralisation.

Introduction: The purpose of this in vitro study was to determine if enamel that had been bleached by carbamide (urea) peroxide gel (CPG) was at increased risk of either acid erosion or demineralisation (early caries) than un-bleached enamel.

Methods: Human incisors were employed. The samples were randomly assigned to one of 4 groups; a) 10% CPG, b) 16% CPG, c) 22% CPG and d) 10% CPG with xylitol, fluoride and potassium.

The use of in situ models and QLF for the study of coronal caries.

Objectives: The purpose of the paper is to review aspects of the systems available to model the caries process in enamel.

Methods: The in situ model developed in Liverpool, and the new method of quantifying mineral loss, Quantitative Light-induced Fluorescence (QLF), are described. QLF is a powerful new diagnostic tool which can be used to measure demineralisation and remineralisation in tooth surfaces in vivo; studies to optimise, validate and use QLF in different clinical situations are described.

Developments in dental plaque pH modelling.

Objectives: The objectives of this review were to give a comprehensive account of the methods used to determine dental plaque pH over the last 50 years, to review how these methods have been used in dental cariology research and to give an update as to how dental plaque pH studies might be developed in the future.

Data: Published, referred papers and abstracts of conference proceedings in the literature were reviewed.

Sources: A comprehensive search of the electronic databases PubMed and Medline, was undertaken.