Assessing the effects of artificial gravity in an analog of long-duration spaceflight: The protocol and implementation of the AGBRESA bed rest study.

A comprehensive strategy is required to mitigate risks to astronauts' health, well-being, and performance. This strategy includes developing countermeasures to prevent or reduce adverse responses to the stressors astronauts encounter during spaceflight, such as weightlessness. Because artificial gravity (AG) by centrifugation simultaneously affects all physiological systems, AG could mitigate the effects of weightlessness in multiple systems.

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and homeland security: a perfect match?

This Nano Focus article reviews recent developments in surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) and its application to homeland security. It is based on invited talks given at the "Nanorods and Microparticles for Homeland Security" symposium, which was organized by one of the authors and presented at the 238th ACS National Meeting and Exhibition in Washington, DC. The three-day symposium included approximately 25 experts from academia, industry, and national laboratories and included both SERS and non-SERS approaches to detection of chemical and biological substances relevant to homeland security, as well as fundamental advances.

Multiplexed imaging of surface enhanced Raman scattering nanotags in living mice using noninvasive Raman spectroscopy.

Raman spectroscopy is a newly developed, noninvasive preclinical imaging technique that offers picomolar sensitivity and multiplexing capabilities to the field of molecular imaging. In this study, we demonstrate the ability of Raman spectroscopy to separate the spectral fingerprints of up to 10 different types of surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) nanoparticles in a living mouse after s.c.

Steric control in the thermal rearrangement of a bicyclo[3.1.0]hex-2-ene substituted at a radical-nonstabilizing position.

Introduction into the long-known bicyclo[3.1.0]hex-2-ene system of a large substituent in an electronically inactive, interconnected pair of positions brings to light the importance of sterics as a major factor in the determination of products.

An effect of bulk on the ratio of fragmentation to stereomutation in three cyclobutane dimers of 3-methylenecholest-4-ene.

The effect of a large increase in mass and extension of substituents on the thermal rearrangement of a 1,2-divinylcyclobutane system has been investigated by the introduction of two 3-cholest-4-ene units. The ratio of two types of exit channel, fragmentation and stereomutation (Fr/St), from a widely accepted diradical intermediary (caldera) has increased significantly relative to the ratio in a simpler system. We believe this to be the first example of the influence of a ponderal effect on the ratio of two competing processes in a thermal rearrangement.