Impact of de-escalation of beta-lactam antibiotics on the emergence of antibiotic resistance in ICU patients: a retrospective observational study.

Purpose: Antibiotic de-escalation is promoted to limit prolonged exposure to broad-spectrum antibiotics, but proof that it prevents the emergence of resistance is lacking. We evaluated determinants of antibiotic de-escalation in an attempt to assess whether the latter is associated with a lower emergence of antimicrobial resistance.

Methods: Antibiotic treatments, starting with empirical beta-lactam prescriptions, were prospectively documented during 2013 and 2014 in a tertiary intensive care unit (ICU) and categorized as continuation, de-escalation or escalation of the empirical antimicrobial treatment.

Influence of variations in systemic blood flow and pressure on cerebral and systemic oxygen saturation in cardiopulmonary bypass patients.

Background: Although both pressure and flow are considered important determinants of regional organ perfusion, the relative importance of each is less established. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of variations in flow, pressure, or both on cerebral and whole-body oxygen saturation.

Methods: Thirty-four consenting patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery on cardiopulmonary bypass were included.

[Zuclopenthixol acetate and haloperidol in acute psychoses. Results of the AMDP subgroup in a multicenter Belgian study].

The efficacy of i.m. cis(Z)-clopenthixol in aggressive, agitated and delusional patients is well established but it necessitates, as for all other parenteral neuroleptics, several injections daily.