A Comparative Investigation of Equine-Related and Bovine-Related Human Fatalities in Oklahoma.

This study examined 71 cases, where 45 cases were equine-related and 26 were bovine-related. Data for this study were collected by examining cases between 2000 and 2022 from the Oklahoma Office of the Chief Medical Examiner database.A majority of the equine-related fatality cases involved males aged 0 to 18 and 60 to 69 years, with sustained injuries of the head, neck, and thoracic regions while being mounted.

Biogeochemical and climate drivers of wetland phosphorus and nitrogen release: Implications for nutrient legacies and eutrophication risk.

The dynamics and processes of nutrient cycling and release were examined for a lowland wetland-pond system, draining woodland in southern England. Hydrochemical and meteorological data were analyzed from 1997 to 2017, along with high-resolution in situ sensor measurements from 2016 to 2017. The results showed that even a relatively pristine wetland can become a source of highly bioavailable phosphorus (P), nitrogen (N), and silicon (Si) during low-flow periods of high ecological sensitivity.

An Embodied Agent Learning Affordances With Intrinsic Motivations and Solving Extrinsic Tasks With Attention and One-Step Planning.

We propose an architecture for the open-ended learning and control of embodied agents. The architecture learns action affordances and forward models based on intrinsic motivations and can later use the acquired knowledge to solve extrinsic tasks by decomposing them into sub-tasks, each solved with one-step planning. An affordance is here operationalized as the agent's estimate of the probability of success of an action performed on a given object.

Trypanosoma cruzi in a Mexican Free-Tailed Bat ( Tadarida brasiliensis) in Oklahoma, USA.

Trypanosoma cruzi is a vector-borne protozoan parasite that infects seven million individuals in Central and South America and is the etiologic agent of Chagas disease. There are increasing reports of endemic transmission within the southern US. Trypanosoma cruzi occurs in wild raccoons and dogs in Oklahoma, but its endemicity in the state is poorly studied.

Geometric k-nearest neighbor estimation of entropy and mutual information.

Nonparametric estimation of mutual information is used in a wide range of scientific problems to quantify dependence between variables. The k-nearest neighbor (knn) methods are consistent, and therefore expected to work well for a large sample size. These methods use geometrically regular local volume elements.