[Quality of life of groups of women who suffer from breast cancer].

This study sought to investigate the quality of life of women who suffer from breast cancer and are part of a support group, comparing the data gathered from mastectomized women who had breast reconstruction and women who had not had surgery. It also compared data of women who had quadrantectomy surgery but did not need reconstruction and those who had not had reconstruction surgery. It is a quantitative transversal study, and data was collected by application of a questionnaire to the respondents and by the SF-36 of the WHO.

Cell blocks allow reliable evaluation of expression of basal (CK5/6) and luminal (CK8/18) cytokeratins and smooth muscle actin (SMA) in breast carcinoma.

Objective: Gene expression studies have revealed several molecular subtypes of breast carcinoma with distinct clinical and biological behaviours. DNA microarray studies correlated with immunohistochemical profiling of breast carcinomas using cytokeratin (CK) markers, Her2/neu, oestrogen receptor (ER), and basal myoepithelial cell markers have identified five breast tumour subtypes: (i) luminal A (ER+; Her2/neu-), (ii) luminal B (ER+; Her2/neu+), (iii) Her2 overexpression (ER-; Her2/neu+), (iv) basal-like (ER-; Her2/neu-, CK5/6 and 14+), and (v) negative for all markers. Luminal carcinomas express cytokeratins in a luminal pattern (CK8/18), and the basal-like type expresses CK5/6 and CK14 or basal epithelial cell markers.

Acetabular osteolysis in total hip arthroplasty: prevention and treatment.

Osteolysis can occur around loose, as well as well fixed, cemented or cementless acetabular components in total hip arthroplasty. Histologic studies of tissues biopsied from osteolytic regions suggest an adverse foreign body response to polyethylene and other particulate debris from prosthetic materials. Phagocytosis of these particles by macrophages and giant cells stimulate the production of proteolytic enzymes and inflammatory mediators, all leading to tissue destruction.