Ocular ischaemia: signs, symptoms, and clinical considerations for primary eye care practitioners.

Ischaemic stroke is a major disease burden as well as a leading cause of death. Early signs of ischaemic stroke can manifest in the eye, placing primary eyecare practitioners in an important position to identify patients at risk of ischaemic stroke and initiate suitable referral pathways. The vascular supply to the brain is reviewed with reference to vision including the various retinal signs and ocular symptoms associated with transient ischaemic attacks and ischaemic stroke.

Transgressive segregation reveals mechanisms of immunity to -infecting races of white rust ().

accessions are universally resistant at the adult leaf stage to white rust () races that infect the crop species and We used transgressive segregation in recombinant inbred lines to test if this apparent species-wide (nonhost) resistance in is due to natural pyramiding of multiple () genes. We screened 593 inbred lines from an multiparent advanced generation intercross (MAGIC) mapping population, derived from 19 resistant parental accessions, and identified two transgressive segregants that are susceptible to the pathogen. These were crossed to each MAGIC parent, and analysis of resulting F progeny followed by positional cloning showed that resistance to an isolate of race 2 (Ac2V) can be explained in each accession by at least one of four genes encoding nucleotide-binding, leucine-rich repeat (NLR) immune receptors.

Glycoside hydrolase gene transcription by during growth on wheat arabinoxylan and monosaccharides: a proposed xylan hydrolysis mechanism.

Background: Metabolism of carbon bound in wheat arabinoxylan (WAX) polysaccharides by bacteria requires a number of glycoside hydrolases active toward different bonds between sugars and other molecules. is a Gram-positive thermoacidophilic bacterium capable of growth on a variety of mono-, di-, oligo-, and polysaccharides. Nineteen proposed glycoside hydrolases have been annotated in the Type Strain ATCC27009/DSM 446 genome.

Klaus Apel (1942-2017): a pioneer of photosynthesis research.

We present here a Tribute to Klaus Apel (1942-2017), a photosynthesis pioneer-an authority on plant molecular genetics-in five parts. The first section is a prologue. The second section deals with a chronological discussion of Apel's research life, prepared by the editor Govindjee; it is based on a website article at the Boyce Thompson Institute (BTI) by Patricia Waldron ( https://btiscience.

Concurrent metabolism of pentose and hexose sugars by the polyextremophile Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius.

Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius is a thermoacidophilic bacterium capable of growth on sugars from plant biomass. Carbon catabolite repression (CCR) allows bacteria to focus cellular resources on a sugar that provides efficient growth, but also allows sequential, rather than simultaneous use when more than one sugar is present. The A.