Publications by authors named "W Calhoun"
Article Synopsis
- Asthma shows various underlying causes and clinical types, with factors like genetics and location influencing its presentation and severity across different regions, such as the US, Europe, South America, and Asia.
- A study analyzed data from multiple asthma research programs, comparing clinical characteristics, age of onset, weight, lung function, exacerbation frequency, and other factors among patients from these regions.
- Results indicated significant differences in asthma traits among the cohorts, suggesting that both genetic and geographic factors play a crucial role in how asthma manifests.
Article Synopsis
- The International Society for Human and Animal Mycology (ISHAM) has updated guidelines for managing allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) and allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis (ABPM) due to improvements in diagnostic and therapeutic methods.
- An expert group utilized a modified Delphi method to reach a consensus on the recommendations, which include screening practices and diagnostic criteria for ABPA and ABPM in both adults and children.
- Key recommendations include routine screening for fungal sensitization in specific patient groups, clear diagnostic criteria for ABPA and ABPM, and suggested treatments such as oral prednisolone or itraconazole for acute cases, while noting that asymptomatic ABPA patients do not require treatment.
Background: Chronic alcohol consumption/misuse is a significant risk factor for pneumonia and lung infection leading to the development of chronic pulmonary disorders such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung fibrosis. In this study, we sought to delineate the mechanism of alcohol-associated lung disease. We did so by measuring in vitro mitochondrial, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) oxidative stress in human bronchial epithelial cells (hBECs) treated with ethanol and its oxidative (acetaldehyde) and nonoxidative (fatty acid ethyl esters or FAEEs) metabolites.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOmalizumab in Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract
March 2023
Background: An unmet clinical need exists in the management of treatment-refractory allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA). Omalizumab has shown promising effects in case series and cohort studies; however, evidence to support its routine clinical use is lacking.
Objective: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the clinical effectiveness and safety of omalizumab in patients with ABPA.
Globally, a small proportion (5-12%) of asthma patients are estimated to have severe disease. However, severe asthma accounts for disproportionately high healthcare resource utilization. The Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) management committee recommends treating patients with asthma with inhaled corticosteroids plus long-acting β-agonists and, when needed, adding a long-acting muscarinic receptor antagonist or biologic agent.
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