Sequencing by avidity enables high accuracy with low reagent consumption.

We present avidity sequencing, a sequencing chemistry that separately optimizes the processes of stepping along a DNA template and that of identifying each nucleotide within the template. Nucleotide identification uses multivalent nucleotide ligands on dye-labeled cores to form polymerase-polymer-nucleotide complexes bound to clonal copies of DNA targets. These polymer-nucleotide substrates, termed avidites, decrease the required concentration of reporting nucleotides from micromolar to nanomolar and yield negligible dissociation rates.

Systemic and microvascular comparison of Lactated Ringer's solution, VIR-HBOC, and alpha-alpha crosslinked haemoglobin-based oxygen carrier in a rat 10% topload model.

Medical support for traumatic haemorrhage is lacking for far-forward combat units. VIR-HBOC (haemoglobin-based oxygen carrier) is a novel biological therapeutic under development as a field-stable resuscitation fluid. HBOCs have a long history of complications, chief among them is vasoconstrictive hypertension, which must be resolved before efficacy testing.

Epigenetic Transcriptional Memory of Genes Depends on Growth in Glucose and the Tup1 Transcription Factor in .

Previously expressed inducible genes can remain poised for faster reactivation for multiple cell divisions, a conserved phenomenon called epigenetic transcriptional memory. The genes in show faster reactivation for up to seven generations after being repressed. During memory, previously produced Gal1 protein enhances the rate of reactivation of , , , and These genes also interact with the nuclear pore complex (NPC) and localize to the nuclear periphery both when active and during memory.

Nuclear pore proteins regulate chromatin structure and transcriptional memory by a conserved mechanism.

Previous experience alters the rate of transcriptional induction of many genes in yeast and this phenomenon persists through several cell division cycles. This phenomenon is called epigenetic transcriptional memory. For the yeast gene INO1, transcriptional memory requires a physical interaction with the nuclear pore complex (NPC) and changes in the chromatin structure of the promoter.