Publications by authors named "W C Knowler"
Objectives: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and prediabetes are associated with poor walking endurance, a marker of physical function. We aimed to examine the long-term effects of metformin or intensive lifestyle intervention in adults at high risk of T2D on their 6-min walk test (6MWT) performance.
Methods: Participants were randomized in the 3-year Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) to one of the three groups: lifestyle intervention, metformin, or placebo, and were subsequently followed in the DPP Outcomes Study.
Article Synopsis
- The ETCHED study aims to explore how negative factors during pregnancy and early childhood contribute to obesity and metabolic issues in minority groups, particularly American Indian/Alaska Native and Hispanic populations.
- This longitudinal study involves monitoring pregnant women and their children over 18 years, collecting data on health history, lifestyle, and biological samples to assess the risk factors for obesity.
- Multiple check-ups will occur at various stages of the child’s development, with a focus on comprehensive health assessments and environmental influences, using medical records for additional context.
Introduction: The Look AHEAD randomized clinical trial reported that an 8-year intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) compared with diabetes support and education (DSE) in adults aged 45-76 years with type 2 diabetes and overweight/obesity delayed kidney disease progression. Here, we report long-term post-intervention follow-up for the trial's secondary outcome of kidney disease.
Research Design And Methods: We examined effects of ILI (n=2570) versus DSE (n=2575) on decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) to <45 mL/min/1.
Partitioned polygenic scores (pPS) have been developed to capture pathophysiologic processes underlying type 2 diabetes (T2D). We investigated the association of T2D pPS with diabetes-related traits and T2D incidence in the Diabetes Prevention Program. We generated five T2D pPS (β-cell, proinsulin, liver/lipid, obesity, lipodystrophy) in 2,647 participants randomized to intensive lifestyle, metformin, or placebo arms.
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- Dysglycemia is linked to cognitive impairment, but this study aimed to clarify whether issues with insulin sensitivity (ISens) or the β-cell response (IResp) contribute more to cognitive decline in pre-diabetic adults.
- Using data from 1052 participants over 12 years, the study measured IResp through an insulinogenic index and ISens via fasting insulin, assessing verbal learning and executive function at the end of the follow-up.
- Findings revealed that a higher β-cell response (IResp) correlated with poorer executive function, indicating that even when controlling for dysglycemia, poor β-cell response may be a risk factor for cognitive decline in those with pre-diabetes.