Post-Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy Hepatitis B Virus Reactivation After 23 Months of Entecavir Prophylaxis.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation can occur in immunosuppressed patients. Specifically, HBV reactivation after chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR T-cell) therapy is a known complication with few case reports and specific treatment guidelines. Our patient experienced HBV reactivation 27 months after CAR T-cell therapy even with 23 months of entecavir prophylaxis.

Performing In Situ Closed-Cell Gas Reactions in the Transmission Electron Microscope.

Gas reactions studied by in situ electron microscopy can be used to capture the real-time morphological and microchemical transformations of materials at length scales down to the atomic level. In situ closed-cell gas reaction (CCGR) studies performed using (scanning) transmission electron microscopy (STEM) can separate and identify localized dynamic reactions, which are extremely challenging to capture using other characterization techniques. For these experiments, we used a CCGR holder that utilizes microelectromechanical systems (MEMS)-based heating microchips (hereafter referred to as "E-chips").

Step by Step: Managing the Complications of Cirrhosis.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, chronic liver disease and cirrhosis is the 11th leading cause of death in the United States. Common causes of chronic liver disease include alcohol, viral hepatitis, and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Inflammation is a critical driver in the progression of liver disease to liver fibrosis and ultimately cirrhosis.

Impact of Different Cardiopulmonary Bypass Strategies on Renal Injury After Pediatric Heart Surgery.

Background: The purpose of this study is to compare the incidence and severity of acute kidney injury (AKI) after open heart surgery in neonates and infants for two different cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) strategies.

Methods: In all, 151 infants undergoing cardiac surgery were prospectively enrolled between June 2017 and June 2018 at two centers, one using conventional CPB (2.4 L · min · m, 150 mL · kg · min) with reduction of flow rates with moderate hypothermia and with a targeted hematocrit greater than 25% (center 1, n = 91), and the other using higher bypass flow rates (175 to 200 mL · kg · min) and higher minimum hematocrit (greater than 32%) CPB (center 2, n = 60).

Introducing and Controlling Water Vapor in Closed-Cell Electron Microscopy Gas Reactions.

Protocols for conducting in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) reactions using an environmental TEM with dry gases have been well established. However, many important reactions that are relevant to catalysis or high-temperature oxidation occur at atmospheric pressure and are influenced by the presence of water vapor. These experiments necessitate using a closed-cell gas reaction TEM holder.