Association of air pollution with incidence of end-stage kidney disease in two large European cohorts.

End-stage kidney disease (ESKD) poses a high burden on patients and health systems. While numerous studies indicate an association between air pollution and chronic kidney disease, studies on ESKD are rare. We investigated the association of long-term exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), fine particulate matter (PM), black carbon (BC) and ozone (O) with ESKD incidence in two large population-based European cohorts.

Evaluation of a Population-Based Targeted Screening Approach for Skin Cancer with Long-Time Follow-Up in Austria including Potential Effects on Melanoma Mortality.

Background: whether screening for skin cancer affects melanoma-specific mortality in a population-based setting remains unclear.

Methods: in this population-based cohort study, we characterized and evaluated a skin cancer prevention program following a targeted screening approach conducted in 1989-1994 in the Austrian province Vorarlberg, with follow-up until 2019. The general population and attendees of a health examination program served for comparison.

The value of earlier-in-life systolic and diastolic blood pressure for cardiovascular risk prediction.

Blood pressure (BP) varies over a lifetime. This cardiovascular observation study (OS) compared the predictive value of earlier- and later-in-life blood pressure (BP) in 1,497 cardiovascular disease patients utilizing readings taken during a health survey (HS) and 15 years later from the same subjects at the baseline of this OS. Prediction of the cardiovascular risk during the OS follow-up (21 years) was significantly more effective if the earlier BP readings at HS were used instead of recent OS readings (NRI = 0.