Corticotropin increases the receptor-specific uptake of native low-density lipoprotein (LDL)--but not of oxidized LDL and native or oxidized lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)]--in HEPG2 cells: no evidence for Lp(a) catabolism via the LDL-receptor.

To understand the interaction of corticotropin (ACTH) and lipid catabolism, we analyzed the influence of ACTH on receptor-mediated lipoprotein uptake and compared the uptake and degradation of human native (N-LDL) and oxidized (Ox-LDL) low-density lipoprotein and native (N-Lp(a)) and oxidized (Ox-Lp(a)) lipoprotein(a) by human hepatoma (HepG2) cells. The receptor affinity of N-LDL, Ox-LDL, N-Lp(a), and Ox-Lp(a) was comparable (Kd, 33, 13, 24, and 13 micrograms/mL medium), whereas the maximum degradative capacity was 10.5-fold higher in N-LDL (Vmax, 1,978 ng/mg cell protein) compared with Ox-LDL (189 ng/mg).

Impaired macrophage listericidal and cytokine activities are responsible for the rapid death of Listeria monocytogenes-infected IFN-gamma receptor-deficient mice.

IFN-gamma receptor-deficient (IFN-gammaR -/-) mice were used to study the innate immune responses during infection with Listeria monocytogenes. Mutant mice were unable to limit bacterial growth and died of sepsis even with an infection dose of 70 Listeria. At day 2, they showed an exacerbated listeriosis and mice succumbed to infection before the onset of an effective specific immunity, demonstrating a defective innate immunity.

Is the determination of LDL cholesterol according to Friedewald accurate in CAPD and HD patients?

Lipid abnormalities are a major cause of accelerated atherosclerosis in patients with end-stage renal disease. In many clinical laboratories, the concentration of low density lipoproteins (LDL), the most atherogenic lipoprotein fraction, is estimated by calculating LDL cholesterol according to Friedewald. Hypertriglyceridemia, a common finding in uremic patients, is a main limitation to the use of the Friedewald formula, and the estimation of LDL cholesterol may, therefore, not be reliable in these patients.

[Combination antihypertensive therapy in patients with an increased risk profile].

Background: Antihypertensive drug combinations have two major advantages: First, dosage of the single components can be reduced, and second, putative side effects can be minimized. Therefore, we analysed in a cohort of patients with multiple cardiovascular risk factors the metabolic effects of two fixed antihypertensive drug combinations.

Patients And Methods: 225 patients with essential hypertension (dBP > or = 95 < or = 115 mm Hg) and adipositas (BMI 30.