Publications by authors named "W BUCK"

Article Synopsis
  • The systematic review analyzed HIV drug resistance in Mozambique, finding significant levels of resistance mutations in drug-naive and ART-experienced individuals, particularly to NNRTIs and NRTIs.
  • Drug resistance mutations were more prevalent in the region of Beira and among pediatric patients compared to adults and pregnant women.
  • The study emphasizes the need for ongoing surveillance and targeted interventions to improve ART regimens and public health strategies, particularly for vulnerable populations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Enhanced histopathology of the immune system uses a precise, compartment-specific, and semi-quantitative evaluation of lymphoid organs in toxicology studies. The assessment of lymphocyte populations in tissues is subject to sampling variability and limited distinctive cytologic features of lymphocyte subpopulations as seen with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Although immunohistochemistry is necessary for definitive characterization of T- and B-cell compartments, routine toxicologic assessments are based solely on H&E slides.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) was used to investigate and provide insights into observed biliary pathology found in dogs and rats after administration of two different compounds. Both compounds were associated with peribiliary inflammatory infiltrates and proliferation of the bile duct epithelium. However, MSI revealed very different spatial distribution profiles for the two compounds: Compound A showed significant accumulation within the bile duct epithelium with a much higher concentration than in the parenchymal hepatocytes, while Compound T exhibited only a slight increase in the bile duct epithelium compared to parenchymal hepatocytes.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: We assessed the impact of point-of-care (PoC) test-and-treat at birth on clinical outcomes and viral suppression among HIV-positive infants in Mozambique and Tanzania.

Methods: This cluster-randomized trial allocated health facilities to intervention, providing PoC-testing and antiretroviral treatment (ART) at birth and week 4-8, or control, starting these at week 4-8. The primary outcome was proportions of clinical events (mortality, morbidity, retention, virological failure, toxicity) among HIV-positive infants at month-18.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Overexpression of BCL-X, an antiapoptotic protein, leads to drug resistance and disease progression in various cancers, making it an attractive target for selective inhibitors.
  • Initial selective BCL-X inhibitors were effective in preclinical models but caused serious cardiovascular toxicity in higher species, prompting the development of safer alternatives using antibody-drug conjugates.
  • The antibody-drug conjugate AM1-15 showed promise by inhibiting tumor growth without causing cardiovascular issues, though it did present other toxicities that were addressed in the modified AM1-AAA, which is now part of the first clinical trial for a selective BCL-X-targeting drug.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF