Infrared-driven dynamics and scattering mechanisms of NO radicals with propane and butane: impacts of pseudo Jahn-Teller effects.

The topology of multidimensional potential energy surfaces defines the bimolecular collision outcomes of open-shell radicals with molecular partners. Understanding these surfaces is crucial for predicting the inelastic scattering and chemical transformations of increasingly complex radical-molecule collisions. To characterize the inelastic scattering mechanisms of nitric oxide (NO) radicals with large alkanes, we generated the collision complexes comprised of NO with propane or -butane.

Bimolecular collision outcomes on multidimensional potential energy surfaces: infrared spectroscopy and activation of NO-alkane collision complexes.

In bimolecular collisions between open-shell radicals and increasingly-larger alkanes, the relative impact configurations open the possibility of reactive and nonreactive outcomes that are isomer specific. To model the interaction potential between molecular scattering partners, observables are needed from experiments that can quantify both the initial molecular orientations and internal energies on multidimensional potential energy surfaces. Recent work by our group demonstrated that upon infrared (IR) excitation, the dynamics of the nitric oxide-methane collision complex (NO-CH) are dependent on the initial monomer geometries, as small changes in configuration substantially affect the energies, electronic couplings, and predissociation pathways due to the Jahn-Teller effect.

Nurses' knowledge, attitudes, and practices about rehabilitation of patients after heart valve surgery in Namibia.

Background: A cardiac rehabilitation programme is a medically supervised intervention to assist patients in recovery after heart surgeries and to prevent potential complications. Nurses should have the knowledge, a positive attitudes, and good practices to improve patient quality of life during the recovery process.

Aim: This study aimed to describe the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of the nurses regarding cardiac rehabilitation for patients after heart valve surgery.

Scaling advantage over path-integral Monte Carlo in quantum simulation of geometrically frustrated magnets.

The promise of quantum computing lies in harnessing programmable quantum devices for practical applications such as efficient simulation of quantum materials and condensed matter systems. One important task is the simulation of geometrically frustrated magnets in which topological phenomena can emerge from competition between quantum and thermal fluctuations. Here we report on experimental observations of equilibration in such simulations, measured on up to 1440 qubits with microsecond resolution.

Analytical study of gyrophase, pitch angle, and normal speed of particles leaving an ideal magnetohydrodynamic discontinuity surface.

Particle populations that have velocity distributions with only a small spread of gyrophase angles are commonly observed in the vicinity of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) discontinuity surfaces such as collisionless shocks. Previous theoretical particle trajectory studies have concentrated on ion behavior at an ideal planar Earth's bow shock and have either assumed that a gyrotropic incident initial velocity distribution is reflected at the surface or instead focused on unique fixed initial gyrophase and pitch angle values specified by the generation mechanism assumed for the particle. In this analytical study of trajectories of particles departing an ideal planar MHD surface we demonstrate that a particle's initial gyrophase and pitch angle determine completely whether it will escape the surface or return to it, regardless of its initial energy.