Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Background: Exposures to hazardous noise causes irreversible injury to the structures of the inner ear, leading to changes in hearing and balance function with strong links to age-related cognitive impairment. While the role of noise-induced hearing loss in long-term health consequences, such as progression or development of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) has been suggested, the underlying mechanisms and behavioral and cognitive outcomes or therapeutic solutions to mitigate these changes remain understudied. This study aimed to characterize the association between blast exposure, hearing loss, and the progression of AD pathology, and determine the underlying mechanisms.

Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Background: Stroke and AD patients with gut complications often present worsened neurological outcomes. The goal of this study was to examine the role of extracellular vesicle (EV)-mediated pyroptosis in the bi-directional gut-brain axis after photothrombotic stroke (PTS) in aged 3xTg mice and wildtype (WT) controls.

Method: Twelve-month 3xTg and WT male and female mice underwent PTS using a YAG laser.

Enhanced Nonagricultural Emissions of Ammonia Influence Aerosol Ammonium in an Urban Atmosphere: Evidence from Kinetic Versus Equilibrium Isotope Fractionation Controls on Nitrogen.

Aerosol ammonium (NH) is a critical component of particulate matter that affects air pollution, climate, and human health. Isotope-based source apportionment of NH is essential for ammonia (NH) mitigation but the role of kinetic vs equilibrium controls on nitrogen isotope (δN) fractionation between NH and NH remains unresolved. Based on concurrent measurements of NH and NH in winter Beijing, we observed that the difference of δN between NH and NH on clean days (3.

BindingDB in 2024: a FAIR knowledgebase of protein-small molecule binding data.

BindingDB (bindingdb.org) is a public, web-accessible database of experimentally measured binding affinities between small molecules and proteins, which supports diverse applications including medicinal chemistry, biochemical pathway annotation, training of artificial intelligence models and computational chemistry methods development. This update reports significant growth and enhancements since our last review in 2016.