Case Report: Penile Strangulation Secondary to Hair Tourniquet.

Penile strangulation is a rare condition in children caused by circumferential constriction of the coronal sulcus by constricting material, commonly thin maternal hair. Vague presenting symptoms often makes diagnosis difficult, but delay in diagnosis can lead to a variety of severe complications including urethral injury and penile necrosis. Providers must have a high index of suspicion and carry out a careful examination to identify maternal hair strands that may bury deep within penile edema.

Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as intravesical therapy for interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome: A review.

Aims: The purpose of this review is to update the current understanding of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and its role in the treatment of interstitial cystitis (IC).

Methods: A systematic review was conducted using the PRIMSA checklist to identify published articles involving intravesical DMSO for the treatment of IC.

Results: Thirteen cohort studies and three randomized-controlled trials were identified.

Pulmonary artery endothelial cell phenotypic alterations in a large animal model of pulmonary arteriovenous malformations after the Glenn shunt.

Background: Longevity of the superior cavopulmonary connection (SCPC) is limited by the development of pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVM). The goal of this study was to determine whether phenotypic changes in pulmonary artery endothelial cells (PAEC) that favor angiogenesis occur with PAVM formation.

Methods: A superior vena cava to right pulmonary artery connection was constructed in 5 pigs.

Effect of metformin-containing antidiabetic regimens on all-cause mortality in veterans with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objective: There are conflicting reports concerning metformin use and mortality rates in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between metformin use and all-cause mortality in veterans with T2DM.

Research Design And Methods: An observational cohort study involving 2206 patients with T2DM was performed using computerized database from the Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Memphis, TN.

Donepezil in more advanced Alzheimer's disease.

Objective: Donepezil is currently approved for treatment of patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, since cholinergic activity declines as AD progresses, increasing acetylcholine levels would be expected to provide benefits in severe AD. The primary objective of this article is to review the recent data demonstrating that patients with advanced AD can benefit from treatment with the cholinesterase inhibitor donepezil.