Sustainable volume sweep imaging lung teleultrasound in Peru: Public health perspectives from a new frontier in expanding access to imaging.

Background: Pulmonary disease is a common cause of morbidity and mortality, but the majority of the people in the world lack access to diagnostic imaging for its assessment. We conducted an implementation assessment of a potentially sustainable and cost-effective model for delivery of volume sweep imaging (VSI) lung teleultrasound in Peru. This model allows image acquisition by individuals without prior ultrasound experience after only a few hours of training.

Volume sweep imaging lung teleultrasound for detection of COVID-19 in Peru: a multicentre pilot study.

Objectives: Pulmonary disease is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in adults and children, but most of the world lacks diagnostic imaging for its assessment. Lung ultrasound is a portable, low-cost, and highly accurate imaging modality for assessment of pulmonary pathology including pneumonia, but its deployment is limited secondary to a lack of trained sonographers. In this study, we piloted a low-cost lung teleultrasound system in rural Peru during the COVID-19 pandemic using lung ultrasound volume sweep imaging (VSI) that can be operated by an individual without prior ultrasound training circumventing many obstacles to ultrasound deployment.

Prevalence of low bone mass in individuals with HIV infection.

Background And Aims: There are no population data on bone mass in individuals with HIV in Spain, adjusted for age and sex.

Materials And Methods: Bone mineral density (BMD) data were obtained by dual X-ray absorptiometry in a cohort of individuals with HIV infection compared with cohort data from the general population in Spain and the United States of America.

Results: Of 928 individuals (mean 46 years, 25% women), the prevalence of osteoporosis in the lumbar spine/femoral neck was 18%/5% in men, and 17%/10% in women, respectively.

Evaluation of the fracture risk assessment tool for determining bone disease and the impact of secondary causes of osteoporosis in people living with HIV.

Background: Among HIV-infected individuals, screening for bone disease is encouraged to assess reversible risk factors and plan therapeutic interventions.

Objective: We assessed the usefulness of Fracture Risk Assessment (FRAX) tool to identify candidates for dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan, or individuals with bone loss progression. We further explored how secondary causes of osteoporosis are reflected on FRAX.

Increased prevalence of asymptomatic vertebral fractures in HIV-infected patients over 50 years of age.

Unlabelled: The prevalence of asymptomatic vertebral fracture in HIV-infected patients over 50 was 20%, associated with older age, male sex, longer time since HIV diagnosis, and tubular renal alterations. Vertebral fractures were independent of osteoporosis at lumbar spine, and were not predicted by the use of the FRAX equation.

Purpose: Vertebral fractures (VF) are the hallmark of osteoporotic fractures.