Prognostic assessment of T-cells in primary colorectal cancer and paired synchronous or metachronous liver metastasis.

Prognostic value of T-cells between primary colorectal cancer (pCRC) and its paired synchronous and metachronous liver metastasis (LM) is underinvestigated and is the subject of the present study. We enrolled into this retrospective cohort study patients, who underwent resection of both pCRC and synchronous LM (N = 55) or metachronous LM (N = 44). After immunohistochemical staining for CD3+, CD8+, and CD45R0+ whole slides were scanned and T-cell densities were quantified using QuPath software in tumor center (TC), inner margin (IM), outer margin (OM), and peritumor zone (PT) of pCRC and LM.

Targeted panel sequencing of pharmacogenes and oncodrivers in colorectal cancer patients reveals genes with prognostic significance.

Background: Colorectal cancer is still the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths and thus biomarkers allowing prediction of the resistance of patients to therapy and estimating their prognosis are needed. We designed a panel of 558 genes with pharmacogenomics records related to 5-fluorouracil resistance, genes important for sensitivity to other frequently used drugs, major oncodrivers, and actionable genes. We performed a target enrichment sequencing of DNA from tumors and matched blood samples of patients, and compared the results with patient prognosis stratified by systemic adjuvant chemotherapy.

Prognostic potential of whole exome sequencing in the clinical management of metachronous colorectal cancer liver metastases.

Background: Colorectal cancer is a highly prevalent and deadly. The most common metastatic site is the liver. We performed a whole exome sequencing analysis of a series of metachronous colorectal cancer liver metastases (mCLM) and matched non-malignant liver tissues to investigate the genomic profile of mCLM and explore associations with the patients' prognosis and therapeutic modalities.

A Fecal MicroRNA Signature by Small RNA Sequencing Accurately Distinguishes Colorectal Cancers: Results From a Multicenter Study.

Background & Aims: Fecal tests currently used for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening show limited accuracy in detecting early tumors or precancerous lesions. In this respect, we comprehensively evaluated stool microRNA (miRNA) profiles as biomarkers for noninvasive CRC diagnosis.

Methods: A total of 1273 small RNA sequencing experiments were performed in multiple biospecimens.

Exome Sequencing of Paired Colorectal Carcinomas and Synchronous Liver Metastases for Prognosis and Therapy Prediction.

Purpose: Analysis of somatic variant profiles in retrospectively collected pairs of primary tumors and synchronous liver metastases from surgically treated patients with colorectal carcinomas. Mutational profiles were compared between groups of patients stratified by response to chemotherapy and survival.

Patients And Methods: The study used whole-exome sequencing of tumor sample pairs from 20 patients diagnosed and treated at a single center.

Circulating Tumor Cell Kinetics and Morphology from the Liquid Biopsy Predict Disease Progression in Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Following Resection.

The liquid biopsy has the potential to improve current clinical practice in oncology by providing real-time personalized information about a patient's disease status and response to treatment. In this study, we evaluated 161 peripheral blood (PB) samples that were collected around surgical resection from 47 metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients using the High-Definition Single Cell Assay (HDSCA) workflow. In conjunction with the standard circulating tumor cell (CTC) enumeration, cellular morphology and kinetics between time-points of collection were considered in the survival analysis.

Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Therapy in Novel Porcine Model of Diffuse Liver Damage Induced by Repeated Biliary Obstruction.

In liver surgery, biliary obstruction can lead to secondary biliary cirrhosis, a life-threatening disease with liver transplantation as the only curative treatment option. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) have been shown to improve liver function in both acute and chronic liver disease models. This study evaluated the effect of allogenic MSC transplantation in a large animal model of repeated biliary obstruction followed by partial hepatectomy.

Altered Expression of MBNL Family of Alternative Splicing Factors in Colorectal Cancer.

Background/aim: Colorectal cancer is currently the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths and recently, alternative splicing has risen as its important regulator and potential treatment target. In the present study, we analyzed gene expression of the MBNL family of regulators of alternative splicing in various stages of colorectal cancer development, together with the MBNL-target splicing events in FOXP1 and EPB41L3 genes and tumor-related CD44 variants.

Materials And Methods: Samples of tumor tissue and non-malignant mucosa from 108 patients were collected.

The Level of Preoperative Plasma KRAS Mutations and CEA Predict Survival of Patients Undergoing Surgery for Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) belongs to the most common cancers. The liver is a predominant site of CRC dissemination. Novel biomarkers for predicting the survival of CRC patients with liver metastases (CLM) undergoing metastasectomy are needed.

Association of miR-125b, miR-17 and let-7c Dysregulations With Response to Anti-epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Monoclonal Antibodies in Patients With Metastatic Colorectal Cancer.

Background/aim: MicroRNAs (miRs) play an important role in the regulation of cancer-related processes and are promising candidates for cancer biomarkers. The aim of the study was to evaluate the association of response to anti-EGFR monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) with selected miR expression profiles, including miR-125b, let-7c, miR-99a, miR-17, miR-143 and miR-145 in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients.

Patients And Methods: This retrospective study included 46 patients with mCRC harbouring wild-type RAS gene treated with cetuximab or panitumumab combined with chemotherapy in first- or second-line therapy.

Treatment of liver injuries at the Trauma Centre of the University Hospital in Pilsen.

Introduction: Traumatic liver injury is the most frequent cause of death due to traumatic bleeding in the peritoneal cavity. The progress of pre-hospital emergency medical service, improved surgical techniques, and advanced post-operative care decreased the morbidity from 65% to 10% over the last 40 years. The management is either surgical or non-surgical.

Protein expression of ABCC2 and SLC22A3 associates with prognosis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

ATP-binding cassette (ABC) and solute carrier (SLC) transporters translocate diverse substances across cellular membranes and their deregulation may cause drug resistance of cancers. This study investigated significance of protein expression and cellular localization of the previously suggested putative prognostic markers ABCC2 and SLC22A3 in pancreatic cancer patients. Protein localization and brush border staining intensity of ABCC2 and SLC22A3 was assessed in tumor tissue blocks of 65 pancreatic cancer patients and associated with clinical data and survival of patients with regard to therapy.

Epistatic effect of TLR3 and cGAS-STING-IKKε-TBK1-IFN signaling variants on colorectal cancer risk.

Objective: The TLR3/cGAS-STING-IFN signaling has recently been reported to be disturbed in colorectal cancer due to deregulated expression of the genes involved. Our study aimed to investigate the influence of potential regulatory variants in these genes on the risk of sporadic colorectal cancer (CRC) in a Czech cohort of 1424 CRC patients and 1114 healthy controls.

Methods: The variants in the TLR3, CGAS, TMEM173, IKBKE, and TBK1 genes were selected using various online bioinformatic tools, such as UCSC browser, HaploReg, Regulome DB, Gtex Portal, SIFT, PolyPhen2, and miRNA prediction tools.

Expression of Serpin B9 as a Prognostic Factor of Colorectal Cancer.

Background/aim: Treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC) does not reflect immune interactions between tumours and macro-organisms. Serpin B9 is known as an inhibitor of Granzyme B. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the expression of Serpin B9 in CRC and healthy colon tissue on prognosis.

Relationship of telomere length in colorectal cancer patients with cancer phenotype and patient prognosis.

Background: Telomeres, repetitive DNA capping ends of eukaryotic chromosomes, are important in the maintenance of genomic integrity. Perturbed telomeres are common features of many human malignancies, including colorectal cancer.

Methods: Telomere length (TL), measured by a Monochrome Multiplex Real-Time qPCR, was investigated in tumour tissues, adjacent mucosa, and blood from patients with colorectal cancer with different clinicopathological features and its impact on patient survival.

Hemangiomatosis of the greater omentum - a case report.

Cavernous hemangiomas are benign tumours of mesodermal origin. Even though various localizations of hemangioma have been described in the literature, its occurrence in the greater omentum is very rare. Only symptomatic hemangiomas are indicated for surgical treatment.

lncRNAs in Non-Malignant Tissue Have Prognostic Value in Colorectal Cancer.

Although colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most frequent cause of cancer related death in Europe, clinically relevant biomarkers for therapy guidance and prognosis are insufficiently reliable. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are RNAs over 200 nucleotides long that are not translated into proteins but can influence biological processes. There is emerging evidence for their involvement in solid cancer as oncogenes, tumour suppressors or regulators of cell proliferation and metastasis development.

The Impact of Immune Interaction on the Metastatic Infiltration of Colorectal Carcinoma to Lymph Nodes.

Background/aim: Tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and Granzyme B play crucial roles in immune reactions against colorectal carcinoma (CRCa). The inhibitor of Granzyme B is Serpin B9. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of immunohistological parameters of TILs on the prognosis of CRCa and presence of lymph node metastasis.

[Experimental promotion of liver regeneration after portal vein branch ligation].

Introduction: Portal vein embolization or ligation (PVE/PVL) is part of most multi-stage liver procedures in the case of low future liver remnant volume (FLRV). PVE initiates compensatory hypertrophy of non-occluded liver parenchyma. This hypertrophy is stimulated by an increased volume of portal blood in the non-occluded veins.

Short article: Influence of regulatory NLRC5 variants on colorectal cancer survival and 5-fluorouracil-based chemotherapy.

Background: NLRC5 is an interferon γ-inducible protein, which plays a role in immune surveillance with a potential influence on cancer survival.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the effect of potential regulatory variants in NLRC5 on overall survival and survival after 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-based therapy of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients.

Patients And Methods: We carried out a case-only study in a Czech population of 589 cases; 232 received 5-FU-based therapy.

Investigation of single and synergic effects of NLRC5 and PD-L1 variants on the risk of colorectal cancer.

Constitutive activation of interferon signaling pathways has been reported in colorectal cancer (CRC), leading to a strong CD8+ T cell response through stimulation of NLRC5 expression. Primed CD8+ T cell expansion, however, may be negatively regulated by PD-L1 expression. Additionally, aberrant PD-L1 expression enables cancer cells to escape the immune attack.

The association of miR-126-3p, miR-126-5p and miR-664-3p expression profiles with outcomes of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer treated with bevacizumab.

MicroRNAs regulate the expression of genes involved in several important cancer-related processes including cell adhesion, proliferation, and tumour angiogenesis. Bevacizumab is routinely used in the treatment of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer, but, so far, no reliable biomarker predicting response to bevacizumab has been established. The aim of our retrospective study was to evaluate the association of miR-126-3p, miR-126-5p and miR-664-3p tumour expression levels with outcomes of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer treated with bevacizumab.

Evaluation of Tumor Markers and Their Impact on Prognosis in Gallbladder, Bile Duct and Cholangiocellular Carcinomas - A Pilot Study.

Background/aim: The behavior of tumor markers in biliary tract malignancies is not well-known and has been scarcely studied. Such markers could play important roles in diagnostic and prognostic schemes as well as in decision-making about the best treatment strategies. This study analyzed the preoperative serum levels of conventional tumor markers (AFP, CEA, CA 19-9, CA 72-4), proliferative marker thymidine kinase (TK) and cytokeratins (TPA, TPS and CYFRA 21.

Molecular profile of 5-fluorouracil pathway genes in colorectal carcinoma.

Background: This study addresses involvement of major 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) pathway genes in the prognosis of colorectal carcinoma patients.

Methods: Testing set and two validation sets comprising paired tumor and adjacent mucosa tissue samples from 151 patients were used for transcript profiling of 15 5-FU pathway genes by quantitative real-time PCR and DNA methylation profiling by high resolution melting analysis. Intratumoral molecular profiles were correlated with clinical data of patients.

Protein expression of ATP-binding cassette transporters ABCC10 and ABCC11 associates with survival of colorectal cancer patients.

Purpose: This study investigated the prognostic importance of protein expression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters ABCC10 and ABCC11 in colorectal cancer.

Methods: Protein content of ABCC10 and ABCC11 was assessed in tumor tissue blocks of 140 colorectal cancer patients and associated with survival of patients with regard to 5-fluorouracil-based therapy.

Results: Low ABCC10 protein content in tumors increased hazard ratio of patient's death more than three times in comparison with high ABCC10-expressing tumors (P = 0.