Publications by authors named "Vyas F"

Many inherited metabolic disorders (IMD) are associated with end-organ damage necessitating organ transplantation. Although utilization of deceased donors with history of IMD warrants caution, there may be circumstances under which such donors could be considered as suitable organ donor candidates. We present the first known report of liver transplantation from a deceased donor with cystinosis.

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Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) displays a high degree of spatial subtype heterogeneity and co-existence, linked to a diverse microenvironment and worse clinical outcome. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, by combining preclinical models, multi-center clinical, transcriptomic, proteomic, and patient bioimaging data, we identify an interplay between neoplastic intrinsic AP1 transcription factor dichotomy and extrinsic macrophages driving subtype co-existence and an immunosuppressive microenvironment.

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Article Synopsis
  • Understanding how cell fate regulation works in the liver is crucial for improving cell therapies for liver diseases.
  • The study highlights the role of TIMP1 and TIMP3 in controlling important proteins (ADAM10 and ADAM17) that activate the NOTCH signaling pathway, impacting liver progenitor cell (LPC) maintenance and cholangiocyte differentiation.
  • Loss of TIMP1 and TIMP3 in the liver led to disorganized liver structures, increased collagen buildup, and disrupted Notch signaling, suggesting these proteins play a critical role in liver health and potential therapies.
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Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm (SPN) is an unusual tumor of the pancreas. Unlike ductal adenocarcinoma, SPN is commoner in young women and is indolent with better prognosis. Fifteen percent of patients, however, develop metastases, often synchronous and involving the liver or peritoneum.

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Article Synopsis
  • Normothermic regional perfusion (NRP) is a promising method for recovering livers from controlled donation after circulatory death (cDCD) donors, potentially enhancing transplant outcomes and expanding the donor pool in the US, where only 11.4% of deceased donor liver transplants are from cDCD donors.
  • This study compared liver transplant outcomes from cDCD donors recovered using NRP versus standard super rapid recovery (SRR) across 17 US transplant centers, focusing on outcomes like ischemic cholangiopathy and post-transplant complications.
  • Results showed that livers recovered via NRP had shorter hospital stays (7 days vs. 10 days) and none experienced primary
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Breast cancer (BC) prognosis and outcome are adversely affected by obesity. Hyperinsulinemia, common in the obese state, is associated with higher risk of death and recurrence in BC. Up to 80% of BCs overexpress the insulin receptor (INSR), which correlates with worse prognosis.

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Integration and mining of bioimaging data remains a challenge and lags behind the rapidly expanding digital pathology field. We introduce Hourglass, an open-access analytical framework that streamlines biology-driven visualization, interrogation, and statistical assessment of multiparametric datasets. Cognizant of tissue and clinical heterogeneity, Hourglass systematically organizes observations across spatial and global levels and within patient subgroups.

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C3 glomerulopathy (C3G) is associated with dysregulation of the alternative pathway (AP) of complement and treatment options remain inadequate. Factor H (FH) is a potent regulator of the AP. An in-depth analysis of FH-related protein dimerised minimal (mini)-FH constructs has recently been published.

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Intratumoral heterogeneity is a critical frontier in understanding how the tumor microenvironment (TME) propels malignant progression. Here, we deconvolute the human pancreatic TME through large-scale integration of histology-guided regional multiOMICs with clinical data and patient-derived preclinical models. We discover "subTMEs," histologically definable tissue states anchored in fibroblast plasticity, with regional relationships to tumor immunity, subtypes, differentiation, and treatment response.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study investigates the effects of phenyl saligenin phosphate (PSP), a weak acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, on the morphology and cytoskeletal integrity of rat H9c2 cardiomyoblasts and human iPSC-derived cardiomyocyte progenitor cells.
  • Sublethal exposure to PSP (3 μM) resulted in significant morphological changes in H9c2 cells, decreasing the number of spindle-shaped cells and reducing levels of key cytoskeletal proteins.
  • In human iPSC-derived cells, higher concentrations of PSP (25 μM) also led to cytotoxic effects and similar disruptions in protein expression, indicating that PSP can negatively impact cardiomyocyte morphology through cytoskeletal alterations in both cell types.*
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Purpose: To determine the impact of basal-like and classical subtypes in advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and to explore GATA6 expression as a surrogate biomarker.

Experimental Design: Within the COMPASS trial, patients proceeding to chemotherapy for advanced PDAC undergo tumor biopsy for RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq). Overall response rate (ORR) and overall survival (OS) were stratified by subtypes and according to chemotherapy received.

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Purpose: The molecular drivers of antitumor immunity in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) are poorly understood, posing a major obstacle for the identification of patients potentially amenable for immune-checkpoint blockade or other novel strategies. Here, we explore the association of chemokine expression with effector T-cell infiltration in PDAC.

Experimental Design: Discovery cohorts comprised 113 primary resected PDAC and 107 PDAC liver metastases.

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Intracholecystic papillary-tubular neoplasms (ICPNs) account for <0.5% of all cholecystectomies. There is a lack of significant published data from the Indian subcontinent on ICPN to the best of our knowledge.

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Introduction: This study was conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of fixed-dose combination (FDC) of rosuvastatin and choline fenofibrate in comparison to rosuvastatin and fenofibrate FDC among Indian patients of mixed dyslipidemia. This would be a first study evaluating FDC of rosuvastatin and choline fenofibrate in Indian population.

Methods: A multicenter, open-label, randomized, active controlled, comparative, parallel-design study was conducted at 12 centers spread all across India.

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Pharmacologically-induced pre- and post-conditioning represent attractive therapeutic strategies to reduce ischaemia/reperfusion injury during cardiac surgery and following myocardial infarction. We have previously reported that transglutaminase 2 (TG2) activity is modulated by the A adenosine receptor and β-adrenoceptor in H9c2 cardiomyoblasts. The primary aim of this study was to determine the role of TG2 in A adenosine receptor and β-adrenoceptor-induced pharmacological pre- and post-conditioning in the H9c2 cells.

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Tissue transglutaminase 2 (TG2) is modulated by protein kinase A (PKA) mediated phosphorylation: however, the precise mechanism(s) of its modulation by G-protein coupled receptors coupled to PKA activation are not fully understood. In the current study we investigated the potential regulation of TG2 activity by the β-adrenoceptor in rat H9c2 cardiomyoblasts. Transglutaminase transamidation activity was assessed using amine-incorporating and protein cross-linking assays.

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Mitochondrial sirtuins, SIRT3-5, are NAD-dependent deacylases and ADP-ribosyltransferases that are critical for stress responses. However, a comprehensive understanding of sirtuin targets, regulation of sirtuin activity, and the relationships between sirtuins remains a key challenge in mitochondrial physiology. Here, we employ systematic interaction proteomics to elucidate the mitochondrial sirtuin protein interaction landscape.

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The regulation of tissue transglutaminase (TG2) activity by the GPCR family is poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the modulation of TG2 activity by the A1 adenosine receptor in cardiomyocyte-like H9c2 cells. H9c2 cells were lysed following stimulation with the A1 adenosine receptor agonist N(6)-cyclopentyladenosine (CPA).

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Objective: Paracetamol and ibuprofen are widely used for fever in children as monotherapy and as combined therapy. None of the treatments is proven clearly superior to others. Hence, the study was planned to compare the efficacy of paracetamol, ibuprofen and paracetamol-ibuprofen combination for treatment of febrile children.

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Immune thrombocytopaenia (ITP) was referred to previously as idiopathic thrombocytopaenic purpura and is usually of autoimmune or viral aetiology. Colorectal cancer liver metastasis with concomitant ITP is rare and only three cases have been reported in the English literature. Adverse effects of adjuvant chemotherapy may aggravate ITP.

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Choledochal cysts are rare cystic transformations of the biliary tree that are increasingly diagnosed in adult patients. We report here a case of spontaneous rupture of a choledochal cyst in a pregnant young lady with chronic pancreatitis.

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Biliary papillomatosis is a rare condition usually detected on imaging or postoperative histopathology. It may be asymptomatic or present with features of cholangitis. We report the management of a patient presenting with haemobilia.

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