Air sampling accurately captures circulating zoonotic viral diversity emerging from poultry live-animal markets.

Environmental surveillance has emerged as a pivotal strategy for early detection of pathogens that pose threats to humans (1) but has not been utilized for zoonotic agents. In Asia, live-bird markets (LBMs) are key human-animal interfaces for zoonotic virus transmission (2). Traditional sampling strategies are time-consuming, expensive, threaten animal welfare and have significant occupational biosafety risks.

Detection and phylogenetic analysis of contemporary H14N2 Avian influenza A virus in domestic ducks in Southeast Asia (Cambodia).

Avian influenza virus (AIV) in Asia is a complex system with numerous subtypes and a highly porous wild birds-poultry interface. Certain AIV subtypes, such as H14, are underrepresented in current surveillance efforts, leaving gaps in our understanding of their ecology and evolution. The detection of rare subtype H14 in domestic ducks in Southeast Asia comprises a geographic region and domestic bird population previously unassociated with this subtype.