Detection of Disease Features on Retinal OCT Scans Using RETFound.

Eye diseases such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD) are major causes of irreversible vision loss. Early and accurate detection of these diseases is essential for effective management. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging provides clinicians with in vivo, cross-sectional views of the retina, enabling the identification of key pathological features.

Assessment of choroidal vessels in healthy eyes using 3-dimensional vascular maps and a semi-automated deep learning approach.

To assess the choroidal vessels in healthy eyes using a novel three-dimensional (3D) deep learning approach. In this cross-sectional retrospective study, swept-source OCT 6 × 6 mm scans on Plex Elite 9000 device were obtained. Automated segmentation of the choroidal layer was achieved using a deep-learning ResUNet model along with a volumetric smoothing approach.

Inter-rater reliability in labeling quality and pathological features of retinal OCT scans: A customized annotation software approach.

Objectives: Various imaging features on optical coherence tomography (OCT) are crucial for identifying and defining disease progression. Establishing a consensus on these imaging features is essential, particularly for training deep learning models for disease classification. This study aims to analyze the inter-rater reliability in labeling the quality and common imaging signatures of retinal OCT scans.

Three-Dimensional Choroidal Vessels Assessment in Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

Purpose: To compare the choroidal vasculature in eyes with early- and intermediate-stage age-related macular degeneration (dAMD) and healthy using a novel three-dimensional algorithm.

Methods: Patients with dAMD and healthy controls underwent clinical examinations and swept-source optical coherence tomography scans (PlexElite-9000 device) centered on the fovea. Scans with quality scores >6 were included.

Geographic atrophy progression secondary to age-related macular degeneration: Five years of follow-up.

Purpose: To study the progression of geographic atrophy (GA) secondary to age-related macular degeneration over a five-year follow-up.

Methods: Eyes with GA included to assess demographic data, yearly optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings and the GA growth rate on infra-red (IR) images.

Results: A total of 41 eyes of 29 patients were included with a mean age of 81.

Choroidal biomarkers in age-related macular degeneration.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of central visual impairment in the elderly. The exact pathophysiological mechanisms for AMD remain uncertain. Several studies suggest that choroidal abnormalities and alterations are critical in AMD progression.

Incidence and risk factors of fellow-eyes wet conversion in unilateral neovascular age-related macular degeneration over 15-year follow-up.

Purpose: Incidence and risk factors of fellow eye wet conversion in unilateral neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) over 15-years follow-up.

Methods: This retrospective study reviewed 593 unilateral nAMD patients with a minimum of five years up to 15 years of follow-up. The demographic data, visual acuity, fellow eye nAMD conversion rate, and the number of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) injections in the primary eye were evaluated.

Three-dimensional choroidal contour mapping in healthy population.

Purpose was to study 3-dimensional choroidal contour at choroidal inner boundary (CIB) and choroidal outer boundary (COB) in healthy eyes. Healthy eyes imaged on wide field swept-source optical coherence tomography were included. Delineation of CIB and COB was done based on our previously reported methods.

Racial Differences in Choroidal Vascularity Index in Healthy Patients: Novel Insights.

Background And Objective: Choroidal vascularity index (CVI) measures the ratio of blood vessels in the choroid to the total choroidal area. We aimed to compare CVI between young Black and White patients without a history of ocular or systemic disease.

Patients And Methods: We used a previously validated algorithm for shadow compensation and choroidal vessel binarization to measure CVI across the Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study grid.

Effects of hydroxychloroquine therapy on choroidal volume and choroidal vascularity index.

Purpose: To determine changes in choroidal volume (CV) and choroidal vascularity index (CVI) in patients on hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) therapy.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of patients on HCQ therapy. CV and CVI were assessed below the central foveal region on spectral-domain optical coherence tomography using an automatic denoising and localization algorithm.

Choroidal Vascularity Index versus Choroidal Thickness as Biomarkers of Acute Central Serous Chorioretinopathy.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to analyze the choroidal vascularity index (CVI) versus choroidal thickness (CT) as biomarkers in acute central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR).

Methods: In this multicenter retrospective, cross-sectional, noninterventional study carried out at Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; Jules-Gonin, Lausanne, Switzerland; and Pittsburg University, USA. 40 eyes from 40 patients with acute CSCR, 40 eyes from 40 patients with keratoconus (KC), and 40 eyes from 40 healthy patients were included.

En Face Choroidal Vascularity in Both Eyes of Patients with Unilateral Central Serous Chorioretinopathy.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the choroidal vascularity analyzing en face optical coherence tomography (OCT) images in patients with unilateral central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC). We retrospectively evaluated 40 eyes of 20 CSC patients and 20 eyes of 10 gender- and age-matched healthy individuals. The sample consisted of: (1) CSC affected eyes; (2) unaffected fellow eyes; (3) healthy eyes.

Choroidal vascularity profile in diabetic eyes using wide field optical coherence tomography.

Purpose: To report the wide-field choroidal vascularity up to the mid-equator area in diabetic retinopathy (DR) subjects using wide-field optical coherence tomography (WF-OCT).

Design: Prospective, Cross-sectional study.

Participants: Forty-seven eyes of 25 DR subjects.

Influence of protocol scan on choroidal vascularity measurements: a spectralis optical coherence tomography study.

Objectives: To compare choroidal vascularity index (CVI) measurements using the automated image binarization algorithm in healthy subjects with two Spectralis spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) protocol scans.

Methods: Sixty-nine eyes of 69 healthy volunteers were included in this cross-sectional prospective study. Two subsequent horizontal 20°line scans passing through the fovea were acquired with enhanced-depth imaging mode with high speed (HS) and high resolution (HR) protocol scans.

Choroidal vasculature analysis in MEK inhibitor-associated retinopathy.

Purpose: To evaluate choroidal vascularity index (CVI) in patients developing mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) inhibitor-associated retinopathy (MEKAR).

Methods: In this prospective observational study, extensive ophthalmic examination was performed, including enhanced-depth-imaging-optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT). EDI-OCT scans of patients receiving Cobimetinib, taken at baseline and at MEKAR manifestation, were considered for choroid analysis.

Choroidal vascularity index in leptochoroid: A comparative analysis between reticular pseudodrusen and high myopia.

Purpose: To investigate the choroidal vascularity index (CVI) in patients affected by leptochoroid.

Methods: Three distinct age-matched cohorts were collected: patients with reticular pseudodrusen (RPD) secondary to age-related macular degeneration, patients with high-myopia, and healthy controls. CVI was calculated in the subfoveal 6000 μm diameter area.

Wide-field optical coherence tomography imaging in diabetic retinopathy.

Purpose: To report the individual retinal layer thicknesses up to mid-equator in patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) using Spectralis (Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany) wide-field optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Methods: Retinal layers were segmented using a custom designed semi-automated algorithm, where reference points were marked by the examiner to enable software to automatically compute the thickness values of each retinal sublayer at an interval of 1 mm from reference points. The values of individual retinal thicknesses in eyes with varying severity of DR were compared with the values of healthy subjects.

Do rectus muscle parameters vary between emmetropes and myopes?

Purpose: This study investigated the thickness, area, and insertion site of the medial (MR) and lateral (LR) rectus muscles in individuals with emmetropia and different degrees of myopia.

Methods: Swept-source optical coherence tomography images of the MR and LR muscles in 80 participants including emmetropes (spherical equivalent refractive error [SER] ±0.50 D, N = 14) and myopes (≤ -0.

Long-term retinal changes in progressive geographic atrophy.

Background: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the leading causes of blindness with loss of retinal layers over long term. We aim to evaluate these changes in eyes with progressive non-exudative AMD with geographic atrophy (GA).

Methods: This retrospective study included patients with GA with a minimum of 4 years follow up.

Automated iris volume analysis and trabecular meshwork length using anterior segment optical coherence tomography - Application in pseudoexfoliation and pseudoexfoliation glaucoma.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate differences in the iris and angle parameters in psuedoexfoliation syndrome (PXF) and pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PXG) using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (ASOCT).

Methods: Patients with PXF or PXG were compared using ASOCT with primary open-angle glaucoma POAG eyes as controls in this noninterventional comparative study conducted at a tertiary eye care center in East India. All angle parameters, TM length, and iris thickness were analyzed from the enhanced depth imaging (EDI) single scans obtained.

Water-Drinking Test in Central Serous Chorioretinopathy.

Purpose: To evaluate choroidal changes in central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) patients after water-drinking test (WDT).

Methods: This prospective study included treatment-naïve acute and chronic CSCR eyes and healthy controls. Intraocular pressure and optical coherence tomography measurements with choroidal vascular index (CVI) measurements were done at baseline.