Pyrolidium dithiocarbamate prevents shockwave lithotripsy-induced renal injury through inhibition of nuclear factor-kappa B and inducible nitric oxide synthase activity in rats.

Purpose: Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (SWL) is commonly used for treatment of renal stones. Free oxygen radicals are involved in the pathophysiology of renal injury due to SWL. We investigated the protective effect of pyrolidium dithiocarbamate (PDTC), an antioxidant and nuclear factor kappa-B (NFkappa-B) inhibitor, against renal injury.