Correlation between Morphological and Hemodynamic Parameters of Carotid Arteries and Cerebral Vasomotor Reactivity.

The function of cerebral small vessels can be assessed using cerebral vasomotor reactivity (VMR). Our aim in this retrospective cross-sectional study was to investigate a correlation between carotid artery stenosis measured through ultrasonographic morphological and hemodynamic parameters and cerebral VMR. A total of 285 patients (125 males; mean age 54) were included.

Can MDCT Enhancement Patterns Be Helpful in Differentiating Secretory from Non-Functional Adrenal Adenoma?

Primary adrenal tumors (AT) are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms due to their functional heterogeneity, which results in the diverse clinical presentation of these tumors. The purpose of this study was to examine cross-sectional imaging characteristics using multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) to provide insight into the lesion characterization and functional status of these tumors. The radionuclide imaging using Technetium-99m radiolabeled hydrazinonicotinylacid-d-phenylalanyl-tyrosine3-octreotide (Tc-HYNIC-TOC), was also used in the diagnostic evaluation of these tumors.

Ligamentum flavum analysis in patients with lumbar discus hernia and lumbar spinal stenosis.

The normal ligamentum flavum (LF) is a well-defined elastic structure with specific innervation. Several studies investigated LF in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) and used lumbar discus hernia (LDH) patients as control group, only on the presumed thesis that LF in this patients have normal morphology. In patients with LSS thickening of the LF is the main cause of stenosis, which is most often presented with neurogenic claudication, whose pathophysiological mechanism is not completely understood.

Dural metastasis of prostate carcinoma misdiagnosed as a bilateral subdural hematoma: A case report.

Dural metastases originating from prostate cancer are exceedingly uncommon and may clinically imitate a subdural hematoma. Additionally, head computed tomography scan findings can be mistaken for meningioma or subdural hematoma. We present a 75-year-old male patient with dural metastasis as a first presenting sign of prostate cancer, misdiagnosed as a bilateral subdural hematoma on initial non-contrast brain CT scan.

Relationship between bone disorders and stroke.

Bone disorders are among the most uncommon causes of stroke, but they should be considered as stroke cause in particular clinical scenarios. On the other hand, osteoporosis/osteopenia and increased fracture risk are well documented post stroke complications. The relationship between stroke and bone health is complex.

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy in acute stroke: is it time for Justitia to open her eyes?

Hypoxia is a critical component of neuronal death in patients with stroke. Therefore increasing oxygenation of brain tissue seems to be a logical therapy against cerebral ischemia. Oxygen therapy exists in two modalities: normobaric hyperoxia therapy and hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBO).

Post-stroke dementia - a comprehensive review.

Post-stroke dementia (PSD) or post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) may affect up to one third of stroke survivors. Various definitions of PSCI and PSD have been described. We propose PSD as a label for any dementia following stroke in temporal relation.

Full-endoscopic interlaminar operations in lumbar compressive lesions surgery: prospective study of 350 patients - "ENDOS" Study.

Background: Full-endoscopic operations of lumbar spine are truly minimally invasive surgical procedures. Endoscopic techniques have become the standard in many areas because of the advantages they offer intraoperatively and after surgery. With the interlaminar and transforaminal approach, two full-endoscopic procedures are available for lumbar compressive lesion operations.

Giant Vertebrobasilar Fusiform Aneurysm as a Cerebellopontine Angle Mass.

Introduction: According to the literature, a fusiform aneurysm located in the cerebellopontine angle (CPA) is an extremely rare condition.

Case Outline: We report a case of a 59-year-old patient with initial dizziness and left-sided sensorineural hearing loss that had gradually developed over six months. Vertebrobasilar fusiform aneurysm, with intraluminal thrombus, which was displaced to the right cerebellopontine angle, creating mass effect, was diagnosed using brain magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance angiography.

Cluster headache as a first manifestation of multiple sclerosis: case report and literature review.

Cluster headache (CH) is estimated to be the most common primary trigeminal autonomic headache, although it is a rare disabling medical condition. Dominant symptoms of CH include severe unilateral orbital, supraorbital, and/or temporal pain, lasting from 15 to 180 minutes if untreated, associated with at least one of various autonomic symptoms during the headache, such as conjunctival injection, lacrimation, nasal congestion and rhinorrhea, facial sweating, miosis, ptosis, and eyelid edema. Headache is not frequently a symptom of multiple sclerosis (MS).

Time-dependent changes and association between liver free fatty acids, serum lipid profile and histological features in mice model of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Background And Aims: Methionine-choline deficient (MCD) diet duration necessary for development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and the dynamic of lipid profile and fatty acids are not completely established. The study examined dynamics and association between liver free fatty acids (FFA), serum lipid profile and liver morphological changes on MCD diet-induced NAFLD in mice.

Methods: Male C57BL/6 mice (n = 28) were divided into four groups (n = 7 per group): control: fed with standard chow, MCD diet-fed groups: 2, 4 or 6 weeks.

The effects of caloric restriction against ethanol-induced oxidative and nitrosative cardiotoxicity and plasma lipids in rats.

Caloric restriction (CR) prevents or delays a wide range of aging-related diseases possibly through alleviation of oxidative stress. The aim of our study was to examine the effect of CR on oxidative and nitrosative cardiac damage in rats, induced by acute ethanol intoxication. Male Wistar rats were divided into following groups: control; calorie-restricted groups with intake of 60-70% (CR60-70) and 40-50% of daily energy needs (CR40-50); ethanol-treated group (E); calorie-restricted, ethanol-treated groups (CR60-70 + E, CR40-50 + E).

Neurosarcoidosis: two case reports with multiple cranial nerve involvement and review of the literature.

Background: Involvement of the central nervous system is registered in a relatively small number of patients with sarcoidosis. In this article we present two cases with various neurological symptoms that fulfill criteria for neurosarcoidosis (NS). In addition, we review the literature on NS with special attention to isolated cranial nerve involvement.

The effect of calorie restriction on acute ethanol-induced oxidative and nitrosative liver injury in rats.

The aim of our study was to examine the effect of calorie restriction (CR) on oxidative and nitrosative liver injury in rats, induced by acute ethanol intoxication. Male Wistar rats were divided into groups: (1) control; (2) calorie-restricted groups with intake of 60-70% (CR60-70) and 40-50% of daily energy needs (CR40-50); (3) ethanol-treated group (E); (4) calorie-restricted, ethanol-treated groups (E+CR60-70 and E+CR40-50). Ethanol was administered in 5 doses of 2g/kg every 12h, and duration of CR was 5 weeks before ethanol treatment.

Alcoholic liver disease/nonalcoholic fatty liver disease index: distinguishing alcoholic from nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Objective: The alcoholic liver disease (ALD)/nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) (ANI) scoring system was constructed as a response to a clinical need for avoiding the risks of liver biopsy in diagnosing the etiology of fatty liver disease. The aim of this study was to test the reliability of ANI as a noninvasive method to distinguish ALD from NAFLD.

Materials And Methods: One hundred and thirty-five patients were classified into two groups, ALD and NAFLD, according to the pathohistological results.

Forensic aspects of water intoxication: four case reports and review of relevant literature.

Water intoxication (WI) is a rare condition that originates from over-consumption of water, with a potentially fatal outcome. Increased water intake (polydipsia) is followed by urination of high amount of diluted urine (polyuria) which are the main initial symptoms of WI. We present four case reports of WI.

Unusual case of right atrial reinfarction.

It is well known that atrial infarctions are rare comparing to the ventricular. They cannot easily be verified on ECG and the standard autopsy technique does not include a detailed review of the atrial wall, so the atrial infarction often remains undiagnosed. A 63-year-old male was treated and died in an intensive care unit due to decompensated liver insufficiency and cardiac disease following long-lasting alcohol abuse.

Renal cancer and Wegener's granulomatosis: a case report.

Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) is a systemic disorder characterized by necrotizing vasculitis involving the respiratory tract, and in most cases, the kidneys. The most common manifestation of WG in the kidneys is segmental necrotizing glomerulonephritis. The presence of a renal mass as a manifestation of WG is rare.