(Poaceae, Bambusoideae), a newly-recorded bamboo genus for China and Vietnam, with new taxa and a re-interpretation of flowering structures.

and are closely-related genera for which 'inflorescence' structures were incompletely understood and difficult to reconcile. After re-examining the inflorescence morphology, the so-called 'spikelets' of both genera as described should instead be recognised as pseudospikelets with mostly inactive axillary buds. The new bamboo taxa, comprising two varieties of a new species, are placed in , representing a new genus record for China and Vietnam.

Phylogenomic analyses reveal reticulate evolution between and (Poaceae: Bambusoideae).

and are closely related to bamboo genera. However, when considered with newly discovered and morphologically similar material from China and Vietnam, the phylogenetic relationship among these three groups was ambiguous in the analyses based on DNA regions. Here, as a means of investigating the relationships among the three bamboo groups and exploring potential sources of genomic conflicts, we present a phylogenomic examination based on the whole plastome, single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), and single-copy nuclear (SCN) gene datasets.

Chemical constituents of and their -glucosidase inhibition activity.

The first chemical study of the whole S. X. Yu & Y.

Chemical constituents of Tard. and their -glucosidase inhibition activities.

Sixteen compounds (-) were isolated from . Chemical structures were determined by spectroscopic analyses and comparisons with previously published data. This report is the first to identify compounds , , , , and from the genus Seven chosen isolates (, , , , , , and ) were submitted for -glucosidase inhibition assays with acarbose as the positive control (IC = 227.

(Poaceae, Bambusoideae), a new species from Dakrong Nature Reserve, Vietnam.

is a new species of woody bamboo from Dakrong Nature Reserve, Quang Tri Province, central Vietnam. It is closely related to but differs by its pseudospikelets having terminal rachilla segments with ciliate margin and 6 bracts; culm sheath with the base of the outer margin having a slight projection below its point of attachment at the node, as well as sheath blades usually less than half as long as the culm sheath proper; and leaf blades pale-puberulent and sparsely pilosulous on the abaxial surface. The new species is described and illustrated here.

, a new genus and species of temperate bamboo (Poaceae, Bambusoideae) from central-southern Vietnam.

A new genus of Arundinarieae, , is established to accommodate a unique new bamboo species, , from central-southern Vietnam. The morphological features, habitats and distribution of and related genera, i.e.

Chemical constituents from Melicope pteleifolia leaves.

Five acetophenones bearing spiroketal-hexofuranoside rings, one di-C-glycosidic acetophenone and two benzopyrans, along with 16 known compounds were isolated from the leaves of Melicope pteleifolia. Structures of all the isolates were elucidated using extensive spectroscopic methods, including 1D, 2D-NMR and HRESIMS. All the isolates were also evaluated for their neuraminidase inhibitory activities against H1N1, H9N2, wild-type H1N1 and oseltamivir-resistant H1N1 (H274Y mutation) virus strains.