Temporal trends from HIV diagnosis to ART initiation among adults living with HIV in the Asia-Pacific (2013-2023).

Introduction: Data on the impact of World Health Organization (WHO)'s guideline changes and COVID-19 on ART initiation in the Asia-Pacific remain scarce. This study described temporal trends from HIV diagnosis to ART initiation from 2013 to 2023 and its associated factors.

Methods: Adults (≥ 18 years) diagnosed with HIV after 2013 in a regional observational cohort were included.

Predictive validity of the sequential organ failure assessment score for mortality in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome in Vietnam.

Evaluating the prognosis of ARDS patients using grading systems can enhance treatment decisions. This retrospective observational study evaluated the predictive accuracy of the SOFA score, APACHE II score, SpO/FiO ratio, and PaO/FiO ratio for mortality in ARDS patients in Vietnam. The study included 335 adult ARDS patients admitted to a central hospital from August 2015 to August 2023.

Investigation of myocardial bioimpedance at multiple frequencies for cardiac radiofrequency ablation: ex-vivo experiments.

Background: Bioimpedance method is used clinically as a surrogate measure of effective tissue heating during cardiac ablation. It does not, however provide information regarding thermal cellular destruction which is the goal of ablation procedures.

Objective: This study investigated myocardial impedance (resistance and reactance) at different frequencies in response to the thermal effect and across temperatures where tissue necrosis occurs during ablation.

Validation of the alcohol, smoking and substance involvement screening test (ASSIST) for identifying methamphetamine use among people on methadone maintenance treatment in Vietnam.

Background And Aims: Identifying those who use methamphetamine or are at high risk of using methamphetamine is essential so that early, appropriate intervention can be made. This study evaluated the use of the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) for identifying methamphetamine use among people on methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) in Vietnam.

Methods: From June 2021 to May 2023, all people on MMT at 15 methadone clinics in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, were invited to participate in this study.

The Prevention and Treatment of Postoperative Delirium in the Elderly: A Narrative Systematic Review of Reviews.

Objectives: Postoperative delirium (POD) is a common complication after major surgeries, posing significant challenges to patient recovery and outcomes, particularly among the elderly. A narrative systematic review was conducted to assess the clinical effectiveness and safety of interventions aimed at preventing and treating POD.

Methods: A review of the literature from 2017 to September 29, 2023, was conducted using MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CINAHL.

Associations between objectively measured sleep characteristics and 6-minute walk distance in older adults: the Disparities in Sleep and Cognitive Outcomes (DISCO) study.

Study Objectives: Decline in physical functioning in older adults has been associated with higher risk of chronic diseases. Subjective sleep disturbances have been associated with declines in physical functioning with aging. We examined the association between objectively measured sleep characteristics and 6-minute walk distance, a marker of functional capacity, in a sample of older adults.

Mountainous millipedes in Vietnam. III. Two new dragon millipedes from limestone mountains in northern Vietnam (Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae, ), with an identification key to Vietnamese species.

Two new species of the dragon millipede genus Cook & Loomis, 1924 are described from mountainous areas in northern Vietnam, namely and The COI barcodes are provided for these species, and an identification key is presented to all Vietnamese species.

Dataset on ITS and some chloroplast DNA regions of Blume in Vietnam.

Species of the genus have the potential to be natural medicines and have industrial fibre production uses. Many species of this genus are morphologically similar and are difficult to distinguish, especially when their morphology is distorted. This dataset includes sequence information of several DNA regions isolated from the genome of , namely ITS (from the nuclear genome), , trnL-trnF, trnH-psbA, and (from the chloroplast genome) and phylogenetic analysis results based on the isolated sequences.

Activating SERS Signals of Inactive Analytes: Creating an Energy Bridge between Metal/Molecule Energy Alignment via Metal/Semiconductor Transitions.

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a powerful analytical technique, yet it faces challenges with certain probe molecules exhibiting weak or inactive signals, limiting their applicability. In a recent study, we investigated this phenomenon using a set of four probe molecules─chloramphenicol (CAP), 4-nitrophenol (4-NP), amoxicillin (AMX), and furazolidone (FZD)─deposited on Ag-based nanostructured SERS substrates. Despite being measured under identical conditions, CAP and 4-NP exhibited SERS activity, while AMX and FZD did not.

Changes in retail cigarette price after tax increase: Findings from the 2018-2020 ITC Vietnam surveys.

Introduction: No longitudinal study has investigated the impact of cigarette tax increases on retail prices in Vietnam. This study aims to describe changes in the purchase price of cigarettes following an excise tax increase from 70% to 75% in January 2019.

Methods: Data were collected from people who currently smoke cigarettes in the longitudinal ITC Vietnam surveys: 1870 participants in Wave 1 (pre-increase), 1564 in Wave 2 (post-increase), and 1308 in Wave 3 (post-increase).

Predictive validity of interleukin 6 (IL-6) for the mortality in critically ill COVID-19 patients with the B.1.617.2 (Delta) variant in Vietnam: a single-centre, cross-sectional study.

Objectives: To investigate the serum IL-6 levels and their rate of change in predicting the mortality of critically ill patients with COVID-19 in Vietnam.

Design: A single-centre, cross-sectional study.

Setting: An Intensive Care Centre for the Treatment of Critically Ill Patients with COVID-19 in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.

Electrochemical nanostructured CuBTC/FeBTC MOF composite sensor for enrofloxacin detection.

A novel electrochemical sensor for the detection of enrofloxacin (ENR) in aqueous solutions has been developed using a carbon paste electrode modified with a mixture of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) of CuBTC and FeBTC. These MOFs were successfully synthesized via a solvothermal method and characterized using various techniques, including X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The MOF mixture exhibited a particle size ranging from 40 to 100 nm, a high surface area of 1147 m/g, a pore volume of 0.

Prognosis of Stevens-Johnson Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis: A Cohort Study of 216 Patients in an Inpatient Dermatology Department.

Introduction: Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are severe cutaneous adverse reactions. However, only a few studies have investigated the clinicodemographic and laboratory parameters predicting SJS and TEN outcomes other than mortality, such as severe complications or increased length of hospital stays. Our objectives are to identify admission risk factors predictive of severe complications and the accompanying clinical or biochemical markers associated with prolonged hospitalization.

Understanding Parental Decision-Making and Determinants of COVID-19 Vaccination for Children in Vietnam: A Cross-Sectional Online Survey.

Background/objectives: In Vietnam, COVID-19 vaccination campaigns for children have encountered numerous challenges due to acceptance issues among parents. This study aimed to assess parental decision-making and identify factors influencing their decision to vaccinate their children against COVID-19.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional online survey conducted between April and May 2023 among parents of children aged 6-17 years enrolled in urban and rural schools in Thai Nguyen province, Vietnam.

Integrated RNA Sequencing Analysis Revealed Early Gene Expression Shifts Associated with Cancer Progression in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells Cocultured with Adipose-Derived Stem Cells.

Breast cancer remains a prevalent global health challenge, with tumor-removal surgeries being among the most common treatments but often leading to aesthetic defects. Adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC)-enriched fat grafting in breast reconstruction offers promising therapeutic benefits. However, concerns about its oncological safety persist, particularly regarding the potential risks of promoting cancer recurrence.

Resuscitation from Respiratory Arrest Due to Life-Threatening Ventricular Arrhythmias in a Patient with Amitriptyline Intoxication: An Old Problem in a New Era.

Introduction: Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) were once commonly used to treat major depressive disorder (MDD), but are now considered second-line options after SSRIs and SNRIs. Additionally, TCAs are used to treat other conditions such as chronic pain and enuresis in children. Due to their numerous side effects and potential for drug interactions, cases of poisoning and death from TCA overdose, particularly amitriptyline, are on the rise.

An experimental analysis of graph representation learning for Gene Ontology based protein function prediction.

Understanding protein function is crucial for deciphering biological systems and facilitating various biomedical applications. Computational methods for predicting Gene Ontology functions of proteins emerged in the 2000s to bridge the gap between the number of annotated proteins and the rapidly growing number of newly discovered amino acid sequences. Recently, there has been a surge in studies applying graph representation learning techniques to biological networks to enhance protein function prediction tools.

Tobacco and Alcohol Content in Top Vietnamese YouTube Music Videos: Content Analysis.

Background: Seeing portrayals of tobacco and alcohol in music videos (MVs) may reduce perceived risks, increase susceptibility, and lead to the initiation of tobacco and alcohol use among adolescents and young adults. Previous studies have predominantly concentrated on assessing tobacco and alcohol contents in English-language MVs within Western countries. However, many other countries have not only been influenced by the English music market but have also produced music in their native languages, and this content remains underexamined.

Two new species of genus Thorne, 1939 (Nematoda, Dorylaimidae) from natural parks of Vietnam with an identification key to the species with a medium-sized odontostyle.

Thorne, 1939 is a large and diverse dorylaimid genus with complicated taxonomy. Two new species, and from natural habitats in Vietnam were characterised both morphologically and molecularly (18S rDNA and 28 rDNA), and line drawings and microphotographs are provided. Phylogenetic analyses showed that the new species clustered together with Thorne, 1939, the type species of the genus.

Initial experimentation with tobacco is associated with subsequent tobacco use patterns among youth in the United States.

Understanding the association between initial experimentation with a tobacco product and subsequent patterns of tobacco use among youth is important to informing prevention activities for youth in the US. We conducted an online survey from August to October 2017 among youth aged 13-18 years. The current analysis focused on respondents reporting initial experimentation with any tobacco product (n = 2,022).

A multisector community-engaged collaborative for mental health integration in primary care and housing developments: Protocol for a stepped-wedge randomized controlled trial (the Harlem Strong Program).

Background: Addressing mental health disparities following COVID-19 requires adaptive, multi-sectoral, equity-focused, and community-based approaches. Mental health task-sharing in gateway settings has been found to address mental health care gaps in low- and middle-income countries, but is not a common practice in the U.S.

Molecular characterization of emerging recombinant African swine fever virus of genotype I and II in Vietnam, 2023.

African swine fever virus (ASFV) recombinant strains pose new challenges for diagnosis and control. This study characterizes genotype I and II recombinant ASFV strains identified in northern Vietnam in 2023 through whole-genome sequencing and comparative genomic analysis. Seven ASFV-positive samples from six provinces were analyzed, with recombinant strains detected in Bac Giang, Phu Tho, and Vinh Phuc provinces.

Evaluating research ethics committees in Vietnam and Laos: Results of a validated self-assessment tool.

Background: There is an increase in human subject research in developing countries and conducting them in an ethical manner depends on the research ethics oversight in these countries. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the operational, financial, and educational characteristics of research ethics committees (RECs) at institutions in Vietnam and Laos.

Methods: A validated self-assessment tool designed to assess nine major characteristics of RECs was translated into Vietnamese and Laotian.