Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Activities of Flavonoid Derivatives from the Outer Skins of L.

The onion, known as the bulb onion or common onion, is not only a key ingredient in many tasty and healthy vegetarian meals but also many traditional medicines. Nine new flavonoids [cepaflavas A, B (, ), cepadials A-D (- and ), and cepabiflas A-C (-)] and six known compounds (-, , ) were obtained from the outer skins of L. Among them, compounds , , and might be artificial products formed during extraction and isolation.

Prevalence of Opportunistic Infections and Associated Factors in HIV-Infected Men Who Have Sex With Men on Antiretroviral Therapy in Bach Mai Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam: A Case-Control Study.

Objective: To investigate the distribution of opportunistic infections (OIs) and factors associated with acquiring OIs in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected men who have sex with men (MSM) in comparison to those of heterosexual patients.

Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 82 HIV-infected MSM and 120 HIV-infected heterosexual men in Bach Mai Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam. Demographical characteristics and clinical data were collected and analyzed using appropriate statistics (Mann-Whitney, Chi-square, Fisher's exact test, and logistic regression).

Bacteriophage Usage for Bacterial Disease Management and Diagnosis in Plants.

In nature, plants are always under the threat of pests and diseases. Pathogenic bacteria are one of the major pathogen types to cause diseases in diverse plants, resulting in negative effects on plant growth and crop yield. Chemical bactericides and antibiotics have been used as major approaches for controlling bacterial plant diseases in the field or greenhouse.

White hard clam (Meretrix lyrata) shells media to improve phosphorus removal in lab-scale horizontal sub-surface flow constructed wetlands: Performance, removal pathways, and lifespan.

This work examined the phosphorus (P) removal from the synthetic pretreated swine wastewater using lab-scale horizontal sub-surface flow constructed wetlands (HSSF-CWs). White hard clam (Meretrix lyrata) shells (WHC) and Paspalum atratum were utilized as substrate and plant, respectively. The focus was placed on treatment performance, removal mechanisms and lifespan of the HSSF-CWs.

Plasmonic Photocatalysts for Sunlight-Driven Reduction of CO : Details, Developments, and Perspectives.

Plasmonic photocatalysis is among the most efficient processes for the photoreduction of CO into valuable fuels. The formation of localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), energy transfer, and surface reaction are the significant steps in this process. LSPR plays an essential role in the performance of plasmonic photocatalysts as it promotes an excellent, light absorption over a broad wavelength range while simultaneously facilitating an efficient energy transfer to semiconductors.

Clinical features, isolation, and complete genome sequence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 from the first two patients in Vietnam.

In January 2020, we identified two severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-infected patients in a familial cluster with one person coming from Wuhan, China. The complete genome sequences of two SARS-CoV-2 strains isolated from these patients were identical and 99.98% similar to strains isolated in Wuhan.

Safety, efficacy and tolerability of a combination micronutrient and polyherbal preparation ( ) for gout: a single-arm open-label pilot study.

Background: To evaluate the safety, efficacy and tolerability of a combination micronutrient and polyherbal preparation ( ) for gout management.

Methods: A single arm, open-label pilot study was conducted at the National Hospital for Traditional Medicine in Vietnam. Participants (n=35 recruited) diagnosed with chronic gout received four tablets of daily over a 45-day period.

Factors associated with antenatal depression among pregnant women in Vietnam: A multisite cross-sectional survey.

This study aimed to describe the status of antenatal depression and its associated factors among pregnant women in Vietnam. A cross-sectional study was conducted in four obstetric hospitals in Vietnam from January to September 2019. A total of 1260 pregnant women were interviewed using a structured questionnaire.

A Simple and Effective Sample Preparation Strategy for MALDI-MS Imaging of Neuropeptide Changes in the Crustacean Brain Due to Hypoxia and Hypercapnia Stress.

Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI)-MS imaging has been utilized to image a variety of biomolecules, including neuropeptides. Washing a tissue section is an effective way to eliminate interfering background and improve detection of low concentration target analyte molecules; however, many previous methods have not been tested for neuropeptide analysis via MALDI-MS imaging. Using crustaceans as a neurological model organism, we developed a new, simple washing procedure and applied this method to characterize neuropeptide changes due to hypoxia stress.

Predicting acute ovarian failure in female survivors of childhood cancer: a cohort study in the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (CCSS) and the St Jude Lifetime Cohort (SJLIFE).

Background: Cancer treatment can cause gonadal impairment. Acute ovarian failure is defined as the permanent loss of ovarian function within 5 years of cancer diagnosis. We aimed to develop and validate risk prediction tools to provide accurate clinical guidance for paediatric patients with cancer.

Temporal Study of the Perturbation of Crustacean Neuropeptides Due to Severe Hypoxia Using 4-Plex Reductive Dimethylation.

Hypoxia (i.e., low oxygen (O) levels) is a common environmental challenge for several aquatic species, including fish and invertebrates.

Performance evaluation of HiPET, a high sensitivity and high resolution preclinical PET tomograph.

HiPET is a recently developed prototype preclinical PET scanner dedicated to high sensitivity and high resolution molecular imaging. The HiPET system employs a phoswich depth of interaction (DOI) detector design, which also allows identification of the large majority of the cross layer crystal scatter (CLCS) events. This work evaluates its performance characteristics following the National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) NU4-2008 protocol.

An adiabatic connection for doubly-occupied configuration interaction wave functions.

An adiabatic connection (AC) is developed as an electron correlation correction for doubly occupied configuration interaction (DOCI) wave functions. Following the work of Pernal [Phys. Rev.

Orthogonal Method for Double-Bond Placement via Ozone-Induced Dissociation Mass Spectrometry (OzID-MS).

Most often, the structures of secondary metabolites are solved using a suite of NMR techniques. However, there are times when it can be challenging to position double bonds, particularly those that are fully substituted or when there are multiple double bonds in similar chemical environments. Ozone-induced dissociation mass spectrometry (OzID-MS) serves as an orthogonal structure elucidation tool, using predictable fragmentation patterns that are generated after ozonolysis across a carbon-carbon double bond.

Hemoptysis from complex pulmonary aspergilloma treated by cavernostomy and thoracoplasty.

Background: In high-risk patients with complex pulmonary aspergilloma but unable for lung resection, cavernostomy and thoracoplasty could be performed. This study aimed to evaluate this surgery compared two compressing materials.

Methods: A total of 63 in high-risk patients who suffered from hemoptysis due to complex pulmonary aspergilloma and underwent cavernostomy and thoracoplasty surgery from November 2011 to September 2018 at Pham Ngoc Thach hospital were evaluated prospectively studied.

Comparative co-expression network analysis extracts the gene affecting to shoot elongation of tomato.

Tomato is one of vegetables crops that has the highest value in the world. Thus, researchers are continually improving the agronomical traits of tomato fruits. Auxins and gibberellins regulate plant growth and development.

genetic polymorphism in the Vietnamese population.

Genetic polymorphism of has been shown to affect enzyme activity and thereby contribute to inter-individual variability in drug metabolism and response. The complete genetic variation of in Vietnam still remains obscure even though data of common alleles in Vietnamese Kinh have been reported. To establish the extent of polymorphism in Vietnamese.

Blockade of dengue virus transmission from viremic blood to Aedes aegypti mosquitoes using human monoclonal antibodies.

Background: Dengue is the most prevalent arboviral disease of humans. Virus neutralizing antibodies are likely to be critical for clinical immunity after vaccination or natural infection. A number of human monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have previously been characterized as able to neutralize the infectivity of dengue virus (DENV) for mammalian cells in cell-culture systems.

Analysis of the length polymorphisms in sequence-tagged-site sY1291 on Y chromosome in Vietnamese men of infertile couples.

This study aims to analyze the length polymorphisms in sequence-tagged-site (STS) sY1291 of the Y chromosome in Vietnamese men of infertile couples. All 322 DNA samples were amplified with the sY1291 primer by the quantitative fluorescent polymerase chain reaction (QF-PCR) assay. DNA sequencing technique was employed to evaluate the accuracy of QF-PCR results.

Breeding for improved resistance to Edwardsiella ictaluri in striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus): Quantitative genetic parameters.

Bacillary necrosis of Pangasius (BNP), caused by Edwardsiella ictaluri, is one of the most devastating diseases in striped catfish farming. To date, quantitative genetic inheritance of BNP resistance is not known in striped catfish Pangasianodon hypophthalmus. The main aim of this study was to estimate genetic parameters for BNP resistance in a breeding population of striped catfish undergoing four generations of selection for high growth.

Validating the Vietnamese version of wearing - Off 19 questionnaire for patients with Parkinson's disease.

Background: One of the most common complication of the progression of Parkinson's disease (PD) is the wearing off phenomenon. A validated Vietnamese version of Wearing off 19 (WO19) questionnaire is necessary to optimize the Vietnamese PD treatment.

Objectives: This study was undertaken to determine the quality attribute of the questionnaire as a tool for early detection of wearing off (WO) in Vietnamese population with PD.

Diversity and Ecology of Sand Flies (Diptera: Psychodidae), Potential Vectors of Leishmania in the Quang Ninh Province, Vietnam.

The study aims to make an update on the distribution and ecology of sand flies in the Quang Ninh province, Northern Vietnam, where Leishmania cases were reported in 2001. Seventeen sites were chosen in three districts of the province: Ha Long, Cam Pha, and Hoanh Bo. Phlebotomine sand flies were collected using 68 CDC light traps from May 30 to 3 June 2016.

Intra versus interprofessional conflicts: implications for conflict management training.

Interprofessional collaboration and conflict management training are necessary in health sciences curricula. Characteristics of conflicts occurring within intraprofessional or between interprofessional teams can vary and are poorly understood. We sought to compare and contrast characteristics of intra- versus interprofessional conflicts to inform future training programs.

Stakeholder Engagement in Late-Stage Translation Phase 4 Research for Noncommunicable Diseases in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: What Works and Why-The Vietnam Experience (UMMS-Vietnam Team).

Background: Stakeholder engagement is crucial for conducting high-quality implementation research as well as for the incorporation and adoption of health interventions and policies in the community.

Objectives: This study sought to build a mutually rewarding collaboration between stakeholders in Vietnam and investigators in the United States.

Methods: A collaboration was established between investigators from several institutions in Vietnam and the University of Massachusetts Medical School that was built on mutual trust, cross-cultural learning, and shared experiences.