Mouse model of post-traumatic stress disorder negatively impacts cardiac homeostasis.

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a disabling psychological disorder characterized by chronic symptoms of intrusiveness, avoidance, and hyperarousal after a traumatic event. Retrospective studies have indicated PTSD increases the risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) including arrhythmia, hypertension, and myocardial infarction. The goal of this study was to: 1) use a murine model of cued fear conditioning (inescapable foot shock, IFS) to develop a scoring method to distinguish a PTSD-like phenotype, and 2) use this model system to characterize the cardiac phenotype and function in mice with extreme PTSD-like behaviors.

Comparison of 1-Year Clinical Course in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Inflammatory Bowel Disease Between Vietnam and Korea: A Multinational, Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background/aims: The differences in the clinical course of Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) among Asian countries remain unknown. Thus, we compared the clinical characteristics, treatment, and one-year outcomes of newly diagnosed inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients between Vietnam and Korea.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted at seven tertiary hospitals in these countries between January 2020 and January 2021.

Facilitators and Barriers to Hiv Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Adherence and Retention Among Young Men Who have Sex With Men: A Meta-Ethnographic Scoping Review.

Retention and adherence to daily oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) are critical for effective HIV prevention; however, YMSM exhibit lower rates of both compared to other populations. This is important because young men who have sex with men (YMSM) are at higher risk for HIV, and understanding their challenges can help create better support and interventions. This scoping review synthesizes evidence on the facilitators and barriers to HIV PrEP retention and adherence among YMSM, focusing on individuals aged 10 to 29 years.

An interdisciplinary virtual group program addressing the FINER points of chronic pain management: An exploratory analysis of functional outcomes.

Objectives: Chronic pain is multifactorial and has large social and economic costs. Comprehensive pain management through an interdisciplinary approach addressing the biopsychosocial model of pain is beneficial. The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility and functional outcomes following participation in the 8-week virtual interdisciplinary Functional Integrative Restoration (FINER) program.

Glycemic control to improve post-operative outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: Results of the SUGAR (Surgical Universal euGlycemic Attainment during Recovery) initiative.

Objective: Hyperglycemia, or glucose values >180 mg/dL, is associated with adverse post-operative outcomes. Our objective was to determine the impact of improving peri-operative glycemic control and evaluate infectious complications among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus undergoing open gynecologic surgery.

Methods: A multidisciplinary team standardized pre-operative screening, referral algorithms, and intra-operative and post-operative hyperglycemia management (Surgical Universal euGlycemic Attainment during Recovery initiative).

A Highly Correlated, Multireference Study of the Lowest Lying Singlet and Triplet States of the Four Thiophene Diradicals.

The energies and geometries of the lowest lying singlet and triplet states of the four diradicals formed by removing two H atoms from thiophene have been characterized. We utilized the highly correlated, multireference methods configuration interaction with single and double excitations with and without the Pople correction for size-extensivity (MR-CISD+Q and MR-CISD) and averaged quadratic coupled cluster theory (MR-AQCC). CAS (8,7) and CAS (10,8) active spaces involving σ, σ*, π, and π* orbitals were employed along with the cc-pVDZ and cc-pVTZ basis sets.

Inequities in the Use of Disease-Modifying Therapy Among Adults Living With Multiple Sclerosis in Urban and Rural Areas in Alberta, Canada.

Objectives: To compare disease-modifying therapy (DMT) use between people living with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) who resided in rural vs urban areas.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study used population-level individually linked administrative data to identify pwMS on April 1, 2019 (index date), in Alberta, Canada. DMT use was compared between pwMS who resided in rural vs urban areas during a 1-year postindex period.

A comparative analysis of text-to-image generative AI models in scientific contexts: a case study on nuclear power.

In this work, we propose and assess the potential of generative artificial intelligence (AI) as a tool for facilitating public engagement around potential clean energy sources. Such an application could increase energy literacy-an awareness of low-carbon energy sources among the public therefore leading to increased participation in decision-making about the future of energy systems. We explore the use of generative AI to communicate technical information about low-carbon energy sources to the general public, specifically in the realm of nuclear energy.

Yield of Echocardiography with Bubble Studies Among Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients.

Transthoracic (TTE) and transesophageal (TEE) echocardiographic studies with agitated saline, also known as "bubble studies" (BSs), are used to diagnose patent foramen ovales (PFOs) in cryptogenic strokes (CSs). Guidelines limit PFO closure recommendations to CS patients ≤ 60 but BSs are often performed as part of standard order sets, leading to inappropriate studies in older patients with already-established stroke etiologies. This retrospective single-center study included acute ischemic stroke patients between January 2021 and June 2022 and assessed the stroke etiology and number of the echocardiographic studies performed.

Cervical Spinal Epidural Hematoma After Spinal Anesthesia for Cesarean Section in the Parturient Using Long-Term Low Dose Aspirin.

Spinal epidural hematoma (SEDH) is a rare but serious complication associated with spinal anesthesia (SA). We present an unusual case of cervical SEDH occurring 24 h after a lumbar puncture for a cesarean section. The patient, who was on low-dose aspirin due to preeclampsia, initially exhibited neurological symptoms resembling a stroke.

Retention in HIV Primary Care Using a Web-Based Patient Engagement Platform: Multistate Case-Control Study.

Background: Digital interventions to improve retention in HIV care are critical to ensure viral suppression and prevent further transmission. AIDS Healthcare Foundation Healthcare Centers are centers across the United States that provide primary HIV care. Traditionally, the Healthcare Centers conduct phone calls with patients to schedule and confirm appointments, as well as share laboratory results.

Research, Science Identity, and Intent to Pursue a Science Career: A BUILD Intervention Evaluation at CSULB.

This paper presents an analysis of survey data to examine the association between participating in one of the National Institute of Health's (NIH) funded Building Infrastructure Leading to Diversity Initiative (BUILD) program and students' intent to pursue a career in science. Data were collected from students at California State University Long Beach (CSULB) to examine the effectiveness of the BUILD Scholars program. Both BUILD Scholars and non-BUILD students were surveyed.

Inter-visit and inter-reader reproducibility of multi-parametric diffusion-weighted MR imaging in longitudinally imaged patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease and healthy volunteers.

Background: Despite the widespread use of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), MRI acquisition and quantification techniques vary in the literature suggesting the need for established and reproducible protocols. The goal of this study was to assess inter-visit and inter-reader reproducibility of DWI- and IVIM-derived parameters in patients with MAFLD and healthy volunteers using extensive sampling of the "fast" compartment, non-rigid registration, and exclusion voxels with poor fit quality.

Methods: From June 2019 to April 2023, 31 subjects (20 patients with biopsy-proven MAFLD and 11 healthy volunteers) were included in this IRB-approved study.

Accurate PM urban air pollution forecasting using multivariate ensemble learning Accounting for evolving target distributions.

Over the past decades, air pollution has caused severe environmental and public health problems. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), fine particulate matter (PM), a key component reflecting air quality, is the fourth leading cause of death worldwide after cardiovascular disease, smoking, and diet. Various research efforts have aimed to develop PM forecasting models that can be integrated into a solution to mitigate the adverse effects of air pollution.

Organ-specific transcriptional regulation by HFR1 and HY5 in response to shade in Arabidopsis.

Light is crucial for plants and serves as a signal for modulating their growth. Under shade, where red to far-red light ratio is low, plants exhibit shade avoidance responses (SAR). () and () are known to be negative regulators of SAR and physically interact with one another.

Advancing Inclusive Mentoring: An Effective Mentor Training Program Across Comprehensive and R2 Public Universities.

Positive and inclusive mentoring of undergraduate research students, particularly of students from historically underrepresented groups is critical. The Advancing Inclusive Mentoring (AIM) program was developed to share inclusive mentoring practices with mentors at undergraduate-focused campuses and was assessed across five minority-serving universities. Self-ratings of mentorship skill as very- and exceptionally developed increased by 58% after AIM completion, and 93% of participants indicated they were likely to change their mentoring following AIM.

CAR/CETARS/CSAR Practice Guideline on Imaging the Adult Patient With Right Lower Quadrant Pain.

In 2023, the Canadian Society of Abdominal Radiology (CSAR) and Canadian Emergency, Trauma, and Acute Care Radiology Society (CETARS) received Canadian Association of Radiologists (CAR) member feedback that there was an unmet educational need for guidance in the imaging investigation of right lower quadrant (RLQ) pain. Members requested specific guidance on how to handle controversial scenarios including which test to order when, specifics of imaging protocols, and managing pregnant patients who have RLQ pain-all from a Canadian perspective. After conducting an exhaustive literature review, the working group agreed that a Canadian-specific set of guidelines was warranted.