[Transthoracic dopllerographic assessment of the relative coronary reserve in the norm and in the presence of isolated hemodynamically significant stenoses of the left anterior descending coronary artery].

Comparison of velocity parameters of blood flow and absolute coronary reserve (absCR) in the left anterior descending and posterior interventricular coronary arteries (ADCA and PICA) with calculation of relative coronary reserve (relCR) and determination of its normative values was carried out with the help of transthoracic echocardiography in 29 healthy volunteers (mean age 40+/-13 years). Assessment of the role of absCR and relCR in ADCA in diagnostics of hemodynamically significant stenoses of this vessel was performed in 88 patients with syndrome of cardiac pain (mean age 40+/-12 years). Coronary angiography was used as a reference method.

[The role of coronary reserve in diagnosis of hemodynamically significant stenoses in anterior descending and right coronary arteries: transthoracic ultrasound study].

Analysis of possibilities of transthoracic echocardiography (TTEchoCG) diagnosis of hemodynamically significant stenoses of anterior descending and right coronary arteries (ADCA and RCA) based on Doppler assessment of coronary reserve (CR) was carried out in 73 patients with cardiac pain syndrome (mean age 48+/-7 years, 60 men, 13 women). As a referent method we used coronary angiography. Coronary blood flow at baseline and during administration of a vasodilator (dipyridamole up to 0.

[High frequency transthoracic echocardiography in diagnosis of chronic occlusions of major coronary arteries].

Comparative analysis of possibilities of transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and coronary angiography in diagnosis of chronic occlusions of anterior descending (ADA), circumflex (CA), and right coronary (RA) arteries was carried out in 100 patients (90 men, 10 women, mean age 51 +/- 11 years). With the help of TTE we analyzed direction, structural and temporal parameters of coronary blood flow in zones of potential epicardial and intramyocardial collateral filling: for ADA - in distal segment (dADA) and septal branches (SBADA), for CA - in obtuse marginal branches (OMB), for RCA - in posterior interventricular artery (PIA) and septal branches (SBRCA). We found that TTE was a sensitive and highly specific method of diagnosis of ADA and RCA occlusions, but did not allow to diagnose adequately occlusions of CA.

[Current methods of noninvasive imaging of coronary arteries in the diagnosis of coronary atherosclerosis].

The lecture contains: presentation of possibilities of ultrasound and tomographic methods of investigation in visualization of major coronary arteries; consideration in a comparative aspect of main advantages, disadvantages and limitations of these methods in diagnostics of coronary atherosclerosis; analysis of indications for application and perspectives of their use in everyday clinical practice in patients with a diagnosis of possible or verified ischemic heart disease.

[Transesophageal and transthoracic ultrasound study of coronary arteries in diagnosis of atherosclerosis and assessment of coronary reserve].

The lecture deals with methodological aspects and diagnostic potential of the use of novel ultrasound technologies -- transesophageal and transthoracic doppler ultrasonography of coronary arteries for noninvasive assessment of coronary blood flow and coronary reserve. It contains detailed description of technique of visualization of coronary arteries from transesophageal and from transthoracic approaches and interpretation of dopplero-graphic parameters of laminar and turbulent coronary flows. Diagnostic role of the use of contrast echo imaging of coronary arteries is also discussed and dopplero-graphic criteria of occlusion and hemodynamically significant coronary artery stenosis as well as characteristics of normal and lowered coronary reserve are presented.

[Revascularization interventions in the left coronary artery system: transesophageal Doppler ultrasound study].

Aim: To elucidate the role of evaluation of coronary reserve in coronary sinus by transesophageal doppler for assessment of efficacy of various revascularization interventions.

Material And Methods: Patients with isolated stenoses of either left anterior descending or circumflex coronary artery subjected to stenting (n=14) and with two vessel disease subjected to bypass surgery (n=20). Dipyridamole was used as a stress agent.

[Stress echocardiography with the use of impulse wave tissue Doppler technology in diagnosis and quantitative evaluation of concealed myocardial ischemia].

Aim: To elucidate the role of the use of impulse-wave tissue doppler technology during stress echocardiography with transesophageal atrial pacing for diagnosis and evaluation of concealed myocardial ischemia.

Material: Patients (n=82, 72 men, 10 women, mean age 43+/-10 years) with syndrome of cardiac pain of obscure etiology.

Methods: Regional contractility of left ventricular wall was studied through apical approach with the use of 12-segment model.

[The role of transesophageal dopplerographical assessment of coronary reserve in coronary sinus in diagnosis of hemodynamically significant left coronary artery stenoses].

Aim: To assess the role of estimation of coronary reserve in coronary sinus by transesophageal doppler during dipyridamole stress test for diagnosis of hemodynamically significant left coronary artery stenoses.

Material: Patients with angiographically proven left coronary artery stenoses (n=29) and 25 healthy volunteers.

Methods: Coronary reserve was calculated as 1) ratio of peak to basal diastolic coronary flow velocity (V(p)CR), and 2) ratio of volume coronary blood flow velocity before and during hyperemia (VBF CR).

[Stress-ultrasound study of hemodynamic reserve of aortic compression chamber in atherosclerosis: effect on coronary blood flow].

Aim: To study the role of hemodynamic reserve of aortic compression chamber (ACC) in compensation of coronary blood flow during stress.

Material: Ninety three subjects (78 men and 15 women) including 74 patients with chronic ischemic heart disease (mean age 50-/+7 years) and 19 healthy volunteers (mean age 45-/+5 years).

Methods: Hemodynamic reserve of ACC was defined as volume of blood deposited in walls of ascending aorta at the end of systole.

[Effect of long term therapy with captopril on dopplerographic parameters of intrarenal blood flow and renal function in patients with hypertension and diabetes].

Effect of 9-12 month treatment with captopril on dopplerographic parameters of intrarenal blood flow and renal function was studied in 30 hypertensive diabetics without clinical signs of nephroangiopathy. There was an interrelationship between strict blood pressure (BP) control (average 24-hour BP below 135/83) and improvement of parameters of intrarenal hemodynamics. BP normalization and most pronounced positive changes of renal perfusion during therapy with captopril were achieved in patients with mild hypertension and initially high intrarenal resistance yet at the stage of normo- or microalbuminuria.

[Morpho-Functional Changes of Thoracic Aorta in Atherosclerosis: Multiplane Transesophageal Ultrasound Study].

AIM: To elucidate possibilities of multiplane transesophageal ultrasound for assessment of localization and structure of atherosclerotic plaques in the thoracic aorta as well as relationship between changes of elastic-tonic properties, processes of aortic wall remodeling, stage of aortic atheromatosis, and coronary atherosclerosis. MATERIAL: Patients with chronic ischemic heart disease and atherosclerosis of thoracic aorta (n=120), healthy volunteers (n=11, all men, mean age 51-/+8 years). METHODS: Multiplane transesophageal ultrasound with subsequent calculation of parameters of elasticity and stiffness.

Immune response to opiates: new findings in heroin addicts investigated by means of an original enzyme immunoassay and morphine determination in hair.

In the early 1970's, some papers appeared reporting an immune response to opiates in animals treated with morphine and in heroin addicts, but further researches failed to confirm these results in humans. The aim of the present work is investigating with a newly developed enzyme immunoassay the existence of specific antibodies to morphine in a group of opiate chronic users, controlled by means of the toxicological analysis of hair. Twenty five opiate addicts inpatients for detoxication treatments were investigated for the presence of morphine specific antibodies and for the morphine content in hair, as a marker of addiction to opiates.

[Dissociative state in rats induced by ethanol and possibilities of the pharmacological correction of this phenomenon].

It was shown that a state of dependent learning (SDL) developed in response to ethanol (1.2 g/kg) during experimental learning of rats in conditions of T-maze. Piracetam, lithium hydroxybutyrate, litonit and new oxypyridine derivative 3-OP given in combination with ethanol prevented the development of SDL and reduced an already formed SDL.

[Ephedrine addiction].

Neurologic and psychopathologic disturbances were studied in patients with DL-ephedrine addiction. The patients were also subjected to echoencephalography. The authors identified the period of acute narcotic intoxication, the abstinence syndrome and the period of chronic intoxication.

[Neurological aspects of opium addiction].

An in-depth neurological study covered 110 patients with opium addiction without any known history of head traumas, neuroinfections, other diseases of the central nervous system, and alcoholism. Neurological changes were observed in all cases. They developed in the first months of the use of narcotic agents, were more pronounced when home-made narcotic preparations and mixtures were employed, and were of a stable nature.