Mechanistic Understanding of Dissociated Hydrogen in Cu/CeO-Catalyzed Methanol Synthesis.

The hydrogen dissociation and spillover mechanism on oxide-supported Cu catalysts play a pivotal role in the hydrogenation of carbon dioxide to methanol. This study investigates the hydrogen spillover mechanism on Cu/CeO catalysts using spectral characterization under high-pressure reaction conditions and density functional theory (DFT) simulations. The research confirms that the Cu sites serve as the initial dissociation points for the hydrogen molecules.

Direct conversion of CO to a jet fuel over CoFe alloy catalysts.

The direct conversion of carbon dioxide (CO) using green hydrogen is a sustainable approach to jet fuel production. However, achieving a high level of performance remains a formidable challenge due to the inertness of CO and its low activity for subsequent C-C bond formation. In this study, we prepared a Na-modified CoFe alloy catalyst using layered double-hydroxide precursors that directly transforms CO to a jet fuel composed of C-C jet-fuel-range hydrocarbons with very high selectivity.

An Temperature-Dependent Study of LaO Reactivation Process.

Lanthanum-containing materials are widely used in oxidative catalytic and electrocatalytic reactions such as oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) and solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). However, many of these materials are highly susceptible to air contamination which means characterization results generally cannot be associated with their reactivity. In this study, the activation processes of an -prepared bulk LaOCO sample and an as-prepared La(OH) sample are investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and online mass spectroscopy (MS).

A New, Non-Invasive Scale for Steatosis Developed Using Real-World Data From Russian Outpatients to Aid in the Diagnosis of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

Introduction: The current non-invasive tools for the diagnosis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) have methodological limitations. We aimed to develop a non-invasive scale to assist in the diagnosis of NAFLD. To achieve our aim, we conducted a secondary analysis of data from a large observational study conducted in Russia.

Effectiveness of phosphatidylcholine as adjunctive therapy in improving liver function tests in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and metabolic comorbidities: real-life observational study from Russia.

Objective: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of abnormal results of liver function tests. Earlier research showed that polyenylphosphatidylcholine (PPC) has hepatoprotective effects and thus can be used for the treatment of NAFLD and the prevention of its progression. Accordingly, the aim of this observational study was to evaluate if PPC administered as adjunctive therapy in routine clinical practice can effectively improve liver function tests of NAFLD in Russian patients with associated metabolic comorbidities.

Effectiveness of phosphatidylcholine in alleviating steatosis in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and cardiometabolic comorbidities (MANPOWER study).

Objective: The concept of using naturally occurring compounds such as polyenylphosphatidylcholine (PPC) as an adjunctive therapy to treat non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and alleviate or reverse hepatic steatosis appears a very attractive option for liver protection. We aim to evaluate if PPC adjunctive therapy can effectively improve the ultrasonographic features of NAFLD in routine clinical practice in Russian patients with cardiometabolic comorbidities.

Design: This 24-week, observational, prospective study was carried out in 174 medical sites across 6 federal districts of Russia.

Correction: Understanding of binding energy calibration in XPS of lanthanum oxide by in situ treatment.

Correction for 'Understanding of binding energy calibration in XPS of lanthanum oxide by in situ treatment' by Jerry Pui Ho Li et al., Phys. Chem.

Understanding of binding energy calibration in XPS of lanthanum oxide by in situ treatment.

Rare earth oxides have seen increased usage over the years in batteries and catalysts. Due to their unique electronic properties, they are the subject of fundamental and practical interest. However, the complexity in their electronic structures makes unambiguous characterization, such as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), very challenging.

Self-Assembly of Thiourea-Crosslinked Graphene Oxide Framework Membranes toward Separation of Small Molecules.

The poor mechanical strength of graphene oxide (GO) membranes, caused by the weak interlamellar interactions, poses a critical challenge for any practical application. In addition, intrinsic but large-sized 2D channels of stacked GO membranes lead to low selectivity for small molecules. To address the mechanical strength and 2D channel size control, thiourea covalent-linked graphene oxide framework (TU-GOF) membranes on porous ceramics are developed through a facile hydrothermal self-assembly synthesis.

[Benign prostate hyperplasia as an age-related problem].

The incidence of genitourological diseases is greater that that of circulatory disorders, benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) is the commonest urological disease in the elderly and senile males. According to the results of the authors' clinicomorphological study, BPH has been detectable in 69% of the males who died at the age of above 60 years. BPH frequently occurs in patients with arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, coronary heart disease, and metabolic syndrome, which necessitates a search for the commonness of causes or mechanisms of development of these diseases.

[Foreign experience in registering and analyzing the poor outcomes of treatment].

Negative consequences of treatment are observed at least in 16% patients at multidisciplinary hospitals and may result from the causes that are independent of medical staff, but more frequently from errors and inadequate treatment standards due to human factors. Systematic improvement of professionalism, which should be started from some educational reforms at medical institutes, is needed.

[Lymphodynamic effect on the condition of iscnemia--reperfusion of the dog small intestine].

Ischemia (30 min)--reperfusion (60 min) of the dog small intestine created by occlusion of the cranial mesenteric artery decreased formation and lymph flow, changed the blood and lymph viscosity and coadulation which had been induced by damaging effect of hypoxia.

Adaptor protein Ruk1 forms protein-protein complexes with endonuclease activity in HEK293 cells.

The structural and functional organization of the adaptor protein Ruk(1) is characterized by the presence of three SH3-domains at the N-terminus followed by Pro- and Ser-rich sequences and a C-terminal coiled-coil region. Multiple modules in the Ruk(1) structure involved in protein-protein interactions can provide for formation of ligand clusters with varied properties and subcellular location. To study the nature and biological role of such complexes, the recombinant protein Ruk(1) with a Glu-epitope at the C-terminus (Ruk(1) Glu-tagged) was purified from transfected HEK293 cells by affinity chromatography on protein G-Sepharose with covalently conjugated anti-Glu-tag antibodies.

Spectroscopic study of low temperature interactions in Sm-mesogenic cyanophenyl co-condensates.

The IR- and UV-Vis spectroscopic study of samarium-mesogenic 4-pentyl-4'-cyanobiphenyl low temperatures co-condensates was made in temperature range 90-300 K. Two labile complexes with different metal/ligand ratio of 1:2 and 1:1 were found. They were characterized by methods of IR- and UV-spectroscopy.

[Josamycin combination with ranitidine in therapy of gastroduodenal ulcer: clinical efficiency].

Efficacy of a novel eradication treatment with ranitidine, trichopol and jozamycin was compared to that of the standard three-component therapy and monotherapy with ranitidine in 76 patients with exacerbation of gastric and duodenal ulcer. Therapeutic monitoring of ranitidine was performed. In relation to healing of ulcer defect and eradication of Helicobacter pylori, jozamycin is not less effective and more safe than standard three-component therapy.

The role of HBV-infection in development of cataracts in children and adults.

Possible role of intrauterine HBV infection in the formation of congenital non-hereditary cataracts is testified by discoveries of HBV markers in lens masses, aqueous humor of the anterior chamber and blood serum of the operated children and in blood of mother. We consider the patients with chronic diffuse liver diseases of HBV etiology to be a risk group of post capsular cataracts' formation. The development of these cataracts is associated with the progress of the basic liver disease.

[Viral hepatitis B as a factor in the etiology of cataracts in adults and children].

Vacuoles, aqueous fissures, crumb-like opacities, color iridescence, and thickening under the posterior capsule in the lens were found in 86% of 45 patients with chronic active hepatitis B, mean age 33 +/- 2.5 years. Seven percent of patients developed posterior capsule cataracts.

[Effect of a passive orthostatic test on lymph circulation].

Anesthesized dogs were exposed to a 30 minute tilt test at 30 degrees. Most significant changes were seen in venous and lymphatic vessels. During the first minutes of the tilt test lymph flow from the thoracic compartment diminished rapidly and later it partially recovered.

Studies of the inhibitory non-adrenergic neuromuscular transmission in the smooth muscle of the normal human intestine and from a case of Hirschsprung's disease.

A modified sucrose-gap method was used to study both non-adrenergic inhibitory neuromuscular transmission and effects of adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) on isolated smooth muscle preparations from the human intestine. It was found that non-adrenergic inhibition in the circular smooth muscle layer was of larger amplitude than in the longitudinal layer. Study of the ionic mechanisms underlying non-adrenergic inhibition indicated that an increase in K+ conductance was responsible for the generation of non-adrenergic inhibitory junction potentials (IJPs).