[A new method for the diagnosis of myocardial ischemia in patients with an implanted programmable pacemaker].

Implanted programmable pacemaker (IPP) applicability for detection of myocardial ischemia has been tried in patients with continuous pacing (CP). 28 patients (mean age 59 +/- 9 years) on CP in VVI and AAI regimens because of arrhythmia and abnormal cardiac conduction underwent loading test with enhanced stimulation made with IPP on the changed program. Impaired local contractility (ILC) of the left ventricle was registered at two-dimensional echoCG.

[20-year experience with continuous endocardial stimulation of the heart].

Twenty years' experience with continuous endocardial stimulation of the heart is summed up. The bulk of the reviewed data falls to the period of 1980 through 1985, when 1776 primary implantations were performed, whereas more than 3,000 implantations have been performed in the past 6 years. Opinions are voiced on many aspects related to endocardial stimulation.

[Use of the electric stimulation of the heart in sick sinus syndrome (achievements and disputable problems)].

Experience with cardiac electrostimulation for the weak sinus node syndrome is presented. Between 1982 and 1985, 296 primary pacemaker implantations were performed, or 21.44% of all primary implantations performed over that period.

Differential diagnosis of rhythm disturbances induced by endocardial pacing.

Rhythm disturbances induced by endocardial pacing were studied in 15 patients. Atrial extrasystoles were found in 8, ventricular extrasystoles in 5, ventricular tachycardia in 1 and ventricular fibrillation in 1 patient. In all cases, an implanted pacemaker EKS-222 was used working in VVI regime.

[Determination of the life expectancy of patients undergoing continuous endocardial stimulation].

Using an actuarial analysis, the authors studied the time of survival in 120 patients with continuous endocardiac electrostimulation. There were 37 lethal outcomes by the end of the fourth year of the follow-up, with 31 of these patients aging from 65 to 100 years. The study of the survival rate in different age groups showed that the highest survival rate was in the group below 55 years and the lowest in the group of patients aged 75 to 100 years.

[Significance of retrograde excitation in treating arrhythmias by means of electrical stimulation of the heart].

The paper presents the results of electric heart stimulation in patients with sick sinus syndrome accompanied by atrial retrograde excitation. The retrograde excitation was found in 9 of 85 patients (it was observed in the spontaneous rhythm in 3 cases and in right ventricle stimulation in 6 cases). All the patients underwent right ventricle stimulation.

[Electrical stimulation of the heart in the sick sinus syndrome].

The results of electrical stimulation of the heart in 49 patients with the sick sinus syndrome are discussed. Continuous endocardial stimulation of the ventricle was applied in 30 patients. Implantation of two cardiac stimulators was performed on 5 patients, one for frequent stimulation of the atrium (switched on outside) and the other (biocontrolled) for stimulation of the ventricle.

[Method of cardiac stimulation in sick sinus syndrome].

The condition of the conducting system of the heart and the sinus node recovery time were studied in 27 patients with the cardiac rhythm pathology under consideration. On the grounds of the resultant data the question concerning the implantation of this or that type of pacemaker (operating in a fixed regimen or "on demand") and-the positioning of the fixing electrode in the atria or ventricle was resolved. The advantages and shortcomings of each of the suggested methods for surgical treatment of sick sinus node are discussed.

[Indications for electric stimulation of the heart in disorders of atrioventricular conductivity].

The authors analyse the indications for electric stimulation of the heart in disorders of atrioventricular conduction on the basis of personal experience (1000 odd electric stimulations). Two main factors, the frequency and severity of Morgangni-Adams-Stokes attacks and the state of hemodynamics, should be taken into account when the indications for electric cardiac stimulation are considered. In choosing the therapeutical measures and methods, due consideration should also be given to the etiology of the block.