[Schizophrenia spectrum disorders (aspects of psychopathology and clinical taxonomy)].

Objective: To create a new taxonomy of schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) based on the comparability of the design of SSD and borderline states.

Material And Methods: The total sample consists of 205 patients with an established diagnosis of SSD (F21; F25; F22 according to ICD-10) collected from studies of the department of borderline mental pathology and psychosomatic disorders of the Federal State Budgetary Institution Mental Health Research Center and the Department of Psychiatry and Psychosomatics of Moscow State Medical University in the period 2014 to 2024. Clinical, psychometric, statistical methods were used.

The Synthesis and Analysis of the Cytotoxicity of AlO-Supported Silver Nanoparticles Prepared by the Plasma Chemical Process Initiated by Pulsed MW Radiation in the AlO-Ag Powder Mixtures.

An original plasma chemical process initiated by microwave discharge in a mixture of metal and dielectric powders was applied to prepare specific materials, which consisted of microsized spherical particles of aluminum oxide covered with silver nanoparticles. The prepared materials are highly uniform in shape, size distribution, and composition. Their cytotoxicity was investigated using the human cell lines MCF7, HEK293T, A549, and VA-13 and the bacterial strains JW5503 (ΔtolC) and K12.

Personality Disorders and Traits of ABC Clusters in Fibromyalgia in a Neurological Setting.

Background: Evidence suggests that there is substantial comorbidity between fibromyalgia and Axis II pathology (i.e., personality disorders-PDs).

[Socio-demographic and clinical-psychological characteristics of patients with residual schizophrenia and directions of their psychosocial rehabilitation].

Objective: To analyze the socio-demographic, clinical and psychological characteristics of patients with residual schizophrenia, to identify variants of residual states and to determine measures for psychosocial rehabilitation on this basis.

Material And Methods: At the time of investigation, 91 patients with the diagnosis of residual schizophrenia (F20.5xx according to ICD-10) were under dispensary supervision in the psychoneurological dispensary No.

[Bimodal model of delusional psychoses (on the problem of the correlation of paranoid dimensions in the psychopathological space of schizophrenia)].

Objective: To establish clinico-pathogenetic ratios of delusional psychoses constituting the psychopathological space of paranoid schizophrenia and to determine clinical and pathogenetic validity of concepts of a single delusional psychosis (a model of chronic delusion with a staged course) and two endogenous delusional psychoses.

Material And Methods: A sample consisted of 56 patients (19 women, 37 men; the average age 39.7±9.

Acclimation Response of Green Microalgae Chlorella Sorokiniana to 2,3',4,4',6-Pentachlorobiphenyl.

The effect of the toxicant 2,3',4,4',6-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB-119) on the growth, chlorophyll content, and PSII activity of C. sorokiniana cells was investigated. A strong negative effect of the toxicant was observed at PCB concentration of 0.

Early Clinical Effects of Novel Partial D3/D2 Agonist Cariprazine in Schizophrenia Patients With Predominantly Negative Symptoms (Open-Label, Non-controlled Study).

Background: Because of limited efficacy of antipsychotics against negative symptoms in schizophrenia new drugs with wider spectrums of clinical efficacy are very desirable. The newer 3rd generation antipsychotic cariprazine presents the unique mode of action acting as partial agonist predominantly for dopamine D3- and in lesser extent D2-receptors. Cariprazine is found to be effective in the treatment of negative symptoms in schizophrenia comparing to second generation antipsychotic risperidone.

Microwave Simulation Experiments on Regolith (Lunar Dust) Deposition on Stainless Steel.

In this article, results are presented of experiments on depositing charged particles, which imitate the levitating dust on the Moon, on stainless steel. Ensembles of particles are created above the surface of laboratory regolith whose composition and particle size distribution imitate the dust that covers the Moon's surface. Under the action of the gyrotron radiation on regolith, non-linear physical-chemical processes develop (breakdown, chain plasmachemical reactions, and particle scattering by the Coulomb mechanism), which lead to the appearance of a levitating cloud of particles.

[The newer antipsychotic cariprazine (reagila): perspectives for use in different stages of schizophrenia therapy].

Cariprazine is a newer 3rd generation antipsychotic acting as partial agonist for dopamine receptors with unique higher affinity for D3 than D2 receptors. This review article summarizes key data from preclinical and clinical studies of cariprazine including pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, clinical efficacy and safety/acceptability in acute short-term and long-term maintenance and relapse prevention therapy in patients with schizophrenia. Efficacy and safety of cariprazine in patients schizophrenia with predominantly negative symptoms resistant to previous antipsychotic therapy is discussed as well.

[Glossalgia as a psychodermatological syndrome].

Objective: To study clinical characteristics of burning mouth syndrome or glossalgia is a functional disorder with painful sensations in the oral cavity with verification of the psychopathological structure, typology and nosology of the syndrome within the continuum of neurotic/psychotic disorders and dermatological pathology, i.e. lichen planus (LP).

[Depression therapy for somatic diseases].

A review of works devoted to the problem of psychopharmacotherapy of depression in general medical practice is presented. The issues of its comorbidity with somatic and neurological diseases, as well as multimorbidity are discussed. Both direct and side-effects of antidepressants, which are important for effective therapy of not only affective disorders proper, but also the symptoms of the leading pathology, are considered in detail for individual organs and systems.

[History and current state of the problem of negative disorders (research of nosological period)].

Pioneers of nosology in psychiatry considered mental deficit as a basic disorder obligated to all clinical forms of illness, as did E. Kraepelin in the concept of dementia praecox and E. Bleuler in the concept of schizophrenia.

[Asthenic disorders in schizophrenia (schizoasthenia) on the model of hypochondriac schizophrenia].

Objective: To determine the structure and mechanisms of interaction of asthenic disorders with negative and positive psychopathological symptoms in hypochondriac schizophrenia.

Material And Methods: The study included male and female patients, aged 17-69 years, with a diagnosis of hypochondriac schizophrenia (F20.80 according to ICD-10) and asthenia symptoms.

[Negative disorders: history of clinical concepts (prenosological studies)].

In this review, sequential stages of the development of negative disorders doctrine are presented beginning from first description of negative symptoms (Aretaeus of Cappadocia - AD I-II) and the first deficit classification (including two polar types: congenital and acquired dementia by J.-E. Esquirol) to indigenous Russian (I.

[Cariprazine in schizophrenia with predominantly negative symptoms: early effects of therapy (observational study)].

Background: Currently available antipsychotics have limited efficacy in the treatment of negative symptoms in schizophrenia and new drugs with wider spectrums of clinical efficacy are very desirable. Cariprazine is a newer antipsychotic acting as dopamine D3- and in lesser extent D2-receptor partial agonist found to be effective in the treatment of negative symptoms in schizophrenia.

Objectives: To evaluate cariprazine early effects at the first stage of therapy of schizophrenia patients with predominantly negative symptoms.

Dichotomous Si-H Bond Activation by Alkoxide and Alcohol in Base-Catalyzed Dehydrocoupling of Silanes.

The activation of silanes in dehydrogenative coupling with alcohols under general base catalysis was studied experimentally (using multinuclear NMR, IR, and UV-visible spectroscopies) and computationally (at DFT M06/6-311++G(d,p) theory level) on the example of PhSiH ( = 1-3) interaction with (CF)CHOH in the presence of EtN. The effect of the phenyl groups' number and H substitution by the electron-withdrawing (CF)CHO group on Si-H bond hydricity (quantified as hydride-donating ability, HDA) and Lewis acidity of silicon atom (characterized by maxima of molecular electrostatic potential) was accessed. Our results show the coordination of Lewis base (Y = MeN, ROH, OR) leads to the increased hydricity of pentacoordinate hypervalent PhSi(Y)H complexes and a decrease of the reaction barrier for H release.

[Negative and positive disorders of schizophrenia (issues of co-dependence, psychopathology and pathogenesis)].

The authors consider current and own conceptions about correlations of the processes underlying the pathogenesis of schizophrenia presented by negative and positive disorders. With growth of academic psychiatry, evaluation of a correlation between positive and negative dimensions has changed dramatically: on the one hand presenting in clinical unity - simultaneous psychopathologic structures, and on the other hand being clinically and pathogenetically heterogenic in dimensional structure. According to our clinical and biological findings and an analysis of fundamental neurobiological studies, positive and negative disorders present in the clinical picture of schizophrenia as two separate psychopathological and pathogenetic structures.

[Efficiency and safety of phenazopyridine for treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infection: results of multi-center, randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical study].

Aim: to evaluate the efficiency and safety of phenazopyridine for the treatment of patients with uncomplicated lower urinary tract infection, accompanied by pain.

Materials And Methods: A multicenter double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study with parallel groups to evaluate the efficacy and safety of phenazopyridine in patients with acute uncomplicated cystitis was performed. A total of 60 women were divided into two groups of 30 patients.

Solid-state 1D → 3D transformation of polynitrile-based coordination polymers by dehydration reaction.

In crystal structures of two chain coordination polymers [M(tcnopr3OH)(HO)] (M = Ni and Co; tcnopr3OH = [(NC)CC(O(CH)OH)C(CN)]) based on a N,O or N,N'-bridge polynitrile ligand, the parallel chains are connected via, respectively, C[triple bond, length as m-dash]NH-O and O-HO hydrogen bonds between uncoordinated functional groups of the ligand and coordinated water molecules. Upon heating, both solids undergo dehydration accompanied by degradation of their single crystals. Powder X-ray diffraction showed that non-isostructural triclinic single crystals transformed to isostructural monoclinic compounds.

[Age identity disorders (infantilism/ puerilism) in the psychopathological space of endogenous diseases].

Aim: A comparative psychopathological and psychometric analysis of age identity disorders (AID) - infantilism and puerilism - on the model of schizophrenia proceeding with hysterical symptoms.

Material And Methods: Results of the psychopathological study of 42 patients with schizophrenia and schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD), with well-marked signs of AID in the course of the disease (22 sub. - infantilism; 20 sub.

[Asthenia in the psychopathological space of schizophrenia and schizophrenia spectrum disorders (The concept of asthenic deficit in aspect of the modern model of negative symptoms)].

At the modern level of knowledge, classification of asthenic deficit as an independent psychopathological category and, in general terms, as the classification of asthenic symptomatic complexes of negative symptoms within schizophrenia and schizophrenia spectrum disorders is the subject of discussion. Studies of recent decades have shown that asthenia cannot be considered as a separate deficient monosyndrome, does not fit into the framework of negative disorders and is excluded from the block of scales of negative symptoms (SANS, PANSS, BNSS, CAINS). The authors suggest a working hypothesis that asthenia symptomatic complexes within schizophrenia are not comparable either in nature or in their psychopathological structure with primary deficiency disorders determined by the disease process.

Inhibition of cyanobacterial photosynthetic activity by natural ketones.

Microbial volatiles have a significant impact on the physiological functions of prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. Various ketones are present in volatile mixtures produced by plants, bacteria, and fungi. Our earlier results demonstrated the inhibitory effects of soil bacteria volatiles, including ketones, on cyanobacteria.

[Personality disorders and schizophrenic defect (problem of comorbidity)].

Aim: To test the main hypothesis that the deficit phenomena in schizophrenia act not in the 'pure' form, but in the form of aggravating personality characteristics, forming so-called 'common' syndromes with personality disorders (PD).

Material And Methods: The results of the psychopathological study (with the use of psychometric methods) of deficit disorders in a sample of 170 patients with schizophrenia and schizophrenia spectrum disorders (63 men, 107 women) are presented in relation to the abnormal structure of premorbid personality (PD of clusters A, B, C). An analysis of negative symptoms according to the comparability of defect to the profile of premorbid personality made it possible to distinguish three groups of deficit states associated with PD - 'common syndromes': defensive schizoidy by the type of deficit schizoid and expansive schizoidy by the type of 'verschroben' (cluster A); pathological hysterical infantilism, malignant hysteria and defective erotomania (cluster B); pseudo-psychasthenia and pathological rationalism (cluster C).