Multiple Metastases of Parathyroid and Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma in a Female Patient Treated with Long-Term Hemodialysis.

Parathyroid cancer is a rare, clinically aggressive malignancy with a prevalence of approximately 0.005% relative to all carcinoma cases and 1-5% among patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. Prognosis largely depends on the extent of the primary surgery.

Mathematical model for preoperative differential diagnosis for the parathyroid neoplasms.

Background And Objective: Preoperative diagnosis of parathyroid carcinoma (PC) is critical for the determination of the scope of surgical intervention. Nowadays, specific diagnostic markers for differentiation of PC and benign tumors are unknown, and less than half of patients with PC undergo necessary surgery. The aim of this study was to develop the instrument for preoperative diagnosis of PC.

[The clinical practice guidelines for primary hyperparathyroidism, short version].

Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is an endocrine disorder of parathyroid glands characterized by excessive secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH) with an upper normal or elevated blood calcium level. Classical PHPT refers to a symptomatic, multi-system disorder, wich can lead to a significant decrease in the quality of life, disability of patients, and even an increased risk of premature death. Hypercalcemia and the catabolic effect of PTH on various cells are considered as the main pathogenetic mechanisms of the PHPT associated complications.

[Adenoma of the parathyroid gland in a young woman with chronic kidney disease: primary or tertiary hyperparathyroidism?].

Clinical observation of a young woman with chronic kidney disease IV stage and hyperparathyroidism is presented. Ultrasound and99mTc-sestamibi scintigraphy of the anterior surface of the neck visualized a tumor of the left upper parathyroid gland. In a histological examination of distant education was diagnosed a solid parathyroid adenoma.

[Neuroendocrine markers in parathyroid tumors].

The parathyroid glands (PTGs) are a key regulator of calcium and phosphorus metabolism in the human body. In terms of their, morphological and immunophenotypic characteristics, PTGs are neuroendocrine organs, and their neoplasms are neuroendocrine tumors. These neoplasms include adenoma and cancer; in addition, glandular hyperplasia may develop, which is most characteristic of multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN1, MEN2a, and MEN4) syndromes.

[Differential diagnostic value of the expression of the transcription factor PDX-1 in neuroendocrine and non-neuroendocrine tumors of the pancreas and other organs].

Unlabelled: An important role in the differentiation of tissues in different organs is played by transforming factors (TFs); pancreatic and duodenal homebox 1 (PDX-1) is one of the earliest factors for pancreatic cells. Many malignant tumors, including neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), are similar in structure, and therefore the actual problem of oncomorphology is to search for narrow-specific markers and TFs.

Aim: to comparatively analyze and assess the value of the expression of the TF PDX-1 in NETs and non-NETs of different localization and histogenetic origin.

[Clinical and morphological characteristics of parathyroid carcinoma].

Parathyroid carcinoma (PTC) is a rare malignant tumor with the clinical manifestation of hyperparathyroidism, reliable morphological signs of invasive growth, and poor clinical prognosis. The differential diagnosis of PTC due to the rarity of this pathology, not always explicit morphological criteria, and the lack of a certain immunohistochemical panel is complex and needs further clarification. The paper summarizes an update on the clinical and morphological characteristics of PTC.

[Impact of various wound dressings on wound bed neoangiogenesis in patients with different forms of diabetic foot syndrome].

Aim: To investigate the impact of various wound dressings on wound bed neoangiogenesis in patients with different forms of diabetic foot syndrome (DFS).

Subjects And Methods: The clinical (local tissue oxygenation) and immunohistochemical (CD31) markers of foot soft tissue neoangiogenesis were evaluated in patients with DFS receiving negative pressure (NP) therapy and collagen-containing dressings (CCDs) versus standard treatment. 63 patients with neuropathic and neuroischemic (without critical ischemia) forms of DFS were examined after wound debridement.

Diagnosis and treatment challenges of parathyroid carcinoma in a 27-year-old woman with multiple lung metastases.

Summary: Parathyroid carcinoma is an extremely rare disorder with little treatment options. It could be misdiagnosed in medical centers with little experience in management of such cases. Our clinical case shows that the initial misdiagnosis of a parathyroid carcinoma in a young woman has led to the development of multiple lung metastases, thus making its treatment hardly possible.

[CDC73 mutations in young patients with primary hyperparathyroidism: A description of two clinical cases].

The article describes two clinical cases of severe primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) caused by parathyroid carcinoma in young female patients who underwent molecular genetic testing to rule out the hereditary forms of PHPT. In both patients, heterozygous germline nonsense mutations of tumor suppressor gene CDC73 encoding parafibromin (p.R91X and p.

[Comparative evaluation of the intensity of reparative processes in the lower extremity soft tissues of diabetic patients receiving local negative pressure wound treatment and standard wound care].

Aim: To study the intensity of soft tissue repair in patients with diabetic foot syndrome (DFS) during local negative pressure wound treatment versus standard wound care.

Subjects And Methods: The investigators estimated the clinical (wound sizes, local tissue oxygenation), histological (light microscopy), and immunohistochemical (CD31, CD68, MMP-9, and TIMP-1) markers for reparative processes in patients with DFS during vacuum therapy versus standard wound care. Forty-two patients with the neuropathic and neuroischemic (without critical ischemia) forms of DFS were examined after debridement.

[Experimental evaluation of the impact of low doses of the herbicide 2,4-D in drinking water on some indices of lipid and immune status].

There were studied features of the manifestation of incoming with potable water nontoxic doses of the herbicide 2,4-D on the body mass index, some indices of lipid metabolism and immune system in different types of diets in the experiment in rats. There was shown a significant gain in body weight of animals, and MDA and leptin level in the serum under the action of a herbicide in conjunction with a high-calorie diet. In all experimental groups there was noted the increased level of total cholesterol, tendency to the increase of LDL cholesterol.

[Adrenocortical oncocytoma].

The paper characterizes adrenocortical oncocytoma, a rare adrenal tumor, accompanied by Cushing's syndrome and estrogen and androgen production and provides histological and immunohistochemical features. The authors describe their observation of a 33-year-old female woman. It is shown that estimation of the malignant potential of adrenocortical oncocytomas requires a special approach and must be done using the Lin-Weiss-Bisceglia criteria.

[Impact of the local application of collagen on the activity of reparative processes in the lower extremity soft tissue of patients with diabetic foot syndrome].

Aim: To estimate of the rate of reparative processes in the lower extremity (LE) soft tissues of patients with diabetic foot (DF) syndrome in the local application of collagen-containing dressings (CCD) versus standard medical therapy.

Material And Methods: The clinical (sizes, tissue oxygenation), histological, and immunohistochemical markers of reparative processes in LE soft tissues were analyzed in patients with diabetes mellitus during the local application of collagen-containing wound dressings versus standard treatment. Forty-two patients with postrevascularization neuropathic and neuroischemic DF syndrome were examined after standard surgical wound treatment.

[Features of angenesis against the background of negative pressure wound therapy in patients with neuropathic and neuroischemic forms of diabetic foot ulcers].

The authors analyzed clinical (size, tissue oxygenation), histological (light microscopy) and immunohistochemical (CD68, MMP-9, TIMP-1) features of reparative processes of soft tissue of lower extremities in patients with diabetes mellitus against the background of vacuum therapy in comparison with standard local treatment. Patients (31 cases) with diabetic foot ulcers were followed-up after surgical d-bridement and before plastic closure of the wound. During perioperative period 13 patients obtained the negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT of 90-120 mmHg) and 18 patients had the standard care.

[Histological and immunohistochemical characteristics of ACTH-secreting tumors].

The histological and immunohistochemical characteristics of pituitary (corticotropinomas) and nonpituitary adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-secreting neuroendocrine tumors (NET) were comparatively analyzed. The study included 46 corticotropinomas and 37 ectopic ACTH-secreting tumors. Removed NET tissue was investigated using routine histological and immunohistochemical techniques.

Comparative Analysis of Clinical, Hormonal and Morphological Studies in Patients with Neuroendocrine ACTH-Producing Tumours.

This paper highlights the problem of neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) with clinical symptoms of hypercorticism caused by hypersecretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) by tumour cells. In most cases (85%), the tumours were localized in the pituitary gland (Cushing's disease); 15% of the patients had an extrapituitary tumour that manifest as an ectopic ACTH secretion (EAS). Comparative analysis of clinical, hormonal, histological, and immunohistochemical characteristics of pituitary and extrapituitary ACTH-secreting NET was performed.

[The chemical and trace element composition of water sources in the Orenburg Region].

The chemical composition of drinking water was studied by some indices: total mineralization, oxidability, harshness by different regional economic areas of an angoindustrial region. The content of trace elements, imbalance of which had been found by earlier studies, was determined. Higher water mineralization was ascertained in the central area, higher water harshness and oxidability were in the eastern area.

[The content of toxic trace elements in the conjugate media].

The purpose of this study was to make a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the content of toxic trace element (Pb, Co, Ni, Cd, Ni, Cd, Sr, and Cr) in the deposited media (snow cover, soil) and drinking water and to define the relationship of the levels of elements in the snow-soil and soil-water systems. The analysis was made in the economic (eastern, western, and central) areas of the region. The higher levels of metals were recorded in the snow cover and soil of the eastern area, which was caused by a high man-made load.

[Lead pollution of some environmental areas].

The levels of lead were determined in snow water, soil, and sludge. Its highest concentration was found in the deposits of the eastern and central areas of the region. These are areas with elevated technogenic loads.

[Content of trace elements in the bottoms of open water reservoirs in the Western part of the Orenburg Region].

The mean concentrations of trace elements were determined in the bottoms of open water reservoirs in the western part of the Orenburg Region. The content of chromium was found to exceed the maximum permissible concentration by about 5 times, that of zinc and nickel complies with the clarke; that of copper was nearly 2 times less than the clarke, that of cobalt and vanadium is nearly 1.5 times less.

[Melanocyte-stimulating hormone induces growth of human malignant melanoma amelanotic cells with a change in cAMP, phosphatidylinositols, and inositol phosphate concentration].

The melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) used at 10(-6)-5 x 10(-8) M concentrations inhibited the growth of amelanotic cells of human malignant melanoma BRO and influenced cell morphology without any effect on melanization or tyrosinase activity. Inhibition of tumour cell growth was accompanied by marked elevation of intracellular cAMP levels but not that of cGMP. Dibutyryl-cAMP and the cAMP-dependent protein kinase A inhibitor also inhibited the cell growth.

A simplified method of protein electroblotting after isoelectric focusing on an ultrathin polyacrylamide gel layer fixed on a cellophane support.

A method is described for isoelectric focusing of proteins, using an ultrathin-layer polyacrylamide gel on cellophane, followed by electrophoretic transfer of separated proteins onto a nitrocellulose membrane. The polyacrylamide gel is firmly attached to the cellophane and thus protected from mechanical damage; such gels are easily manipulated. Cellophane is permeable to ions and application of this gel support overcomes difficulties resulting from the removal of ultrathin gels from a plastic support on electroblotting.