Effects of 1α,25 Dihydroxyvitamin D on Pro-inflammatory Cytokines of Palmitic Acid Treated Thp-1 Cells.

Unlabelled: The level of saturated fatty acids, such as palmitic acid (PA), correlates with chronic inflammation in obese and metabolic syndrome patients. However, low level of vitamin D is observed in those conditions. The aim of this study is to investigate effects of 1α,25(OH) D on PA-treated THP-1 cells.

HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DQB1 Are Associated with Adult-Onset Immunodeficiency with Acquired Anti-Interferon-Gamma Autoantibodies.

Recently a newly identified clinical syndrome of disseminated non-tuberculous mycobacterial diseases (with or without other opportunistic infections in adult patients who were previously healthy, has been recognized in association with an acquired autoantibody to interferon-gamma. This syndrome is emerging as an important cause of morbidity and mortality, especially among people of Asian descent. Trigger for the production of this autoantibody remains unknown, but genetic factors are strongly suspected to be involved.

Selective IgM deficiency in an adult presenting with Streptococcus pneumoniae septic arthritis.

Septic arthritis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae is uncommon. Most of the patients who have invasive pneumococcal infection have underlying diseases associated with impaired immune function. We report a case of polyarticular pneumococcal septic arthritis in a previously healthy adult as the first manifestation of selective immunoglobulin (Ig)M deficiency.

Cryptococcal osteomyelitis in a child with a novel compound mutation of the IL12RB1 gene.

The IL-12p40/IL-12Rbeta1 and IFN-gammaR1/IFN-gammaR2/STAT1 signaling pathways are important for clearing intracellular bacteria. Genetic defects within these pathways are associated with increased susceptibility to intracellular pathogens. Among these, IL-12Rbeta1 deficiency is the most common defect and leads to infections with Salmonella and Mycobacterium spp.

The immunogenicity and safety of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in human immunodeficiency virus-infected Thai children.

Background: HIV-infected children have high risk of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) despite receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). This study aimed to determine the immunogenicity and safety of a 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV-7) in Thai HIV-infected children compared to HIV-exposed uninfected children.

Methods: A prospective study was conducted among children 2 months to 9 years.

A novel mutation of the IL12RB1 gene in a child with nocardiosis, recurrent salmonellosis and neurofibromatosis type I: first case report from Thailand.

Genetic defects of interleukin (IL)-12/23-and interferon (IFN)-gamma-mediated immunity can cause increased susceptibility to intracellular microbes. Among these defects, a mutation of the gene encoding the IL-12 receptor beta1 (IL-12Rbeta1) is the most common worldwide. A 12-year old Thai boy with pre-existing neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) was evaluated for primary immunodeficiency after a history of tuberculous lymphadenitis, recurrent Salmonella infections and nocardiosis.

Association between ADAM33 polymorphisms and asthma in a Thai population.

ADAM33 (A Disintegrin And Metalloprotease 33) is an asthma susceptibility gene found across several human populations. However, no information on ADAM33 exists for Thai population. The objective of this study was to determine the association, if any, between ADAM33 polymorphisms and asthma in Thai subjects.

A novel mutation of the CYBB gene resulting in severe form of X-linked chronic granulomatous disease.

We evaluated a boy who had multiple Salmonella septicemia, Aspergillus pneumonia and brain abscesses. His nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) test was reportedly abnormal. The dihydrorhodamine (DHR) flow cytometry assay was compatible with typical X-linked chronic granulomatous disease (X-CGD).

Chronic diarrhea and abnormal serum immunoglobulin levels: a case report.

A 15-year-old Thai boy with multiple episodes of chronic diarrhea caused by giardiasis with hypogammaglobulin M and IgG4 subclass deficiency (but normal antibody response to rabies vaccine) is reported. Immune status follow-up is necessary for a definite diagnosis and proper management.

Recurrent Campylobacter lari bacteremia in X-linked agammaglobulinemia: a case report and review.

X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) is a primary immune deficiency disease with a B-cell defect. We present the first XLA patient who had recurrent Campylobacter lari bacteremia. High dose intravenous immunoglobulin combined with azithromycin once per week, and a complete avoidance of bacterial reservoirs may be helpful for the prevention of C.

Chronic rhinosinusitis and recurrent nasal polyps in two children with IgG subclass deficiency and review of the literature.

Unlabelled: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of mucosa of the nose and the paranasal sinuses. Two major forms of CRS can be differentiated; CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) and CRS without nasal polyps (CRSsNP). The pathophysiology and etiology of nasal polyps (NPs) are partly understood.

The phosphorylation of phospholipase C-gamma1, Raf-1, MEK, and ERK1/2 induced by a conserved retroviral peptide.

A synthetic 17-amino acid peptide (CKS-17) homologous to a highly conserved region of human and animal retroviral transmembrane proteins has been found to exhibit suppressive properties for numerous immune functions. It has been shown that CKS-17 causes an imbalance of human types 1 and 2 cytokines and inhibition of the immune responses of lymphocytes, monocytes, and macrophages. CKS-17 induced increased intracellular levels of cAMP, which plays an important role in regulation of cytokine biosynthesis.

A retroviral-derived peptide phosphorylates protein kinase D/protein kinase Cmu involving phospholipase C and protein kinase C.

CKS-17, a synthetic peptide representing a unique amino acid motif which is highly conserved in retroviral transmembrane proteins and other immunoregulatory proteins, induces selective immunomodulatory functions, both in vitro and in vivo, and activates intracellular signaling molecules such as cAMP and extracellular signal-regulated kinases. In the present study, using Jurkat T-cells, we report that CKS-17 phosphorylates protein kinase D (PKD)/protein kinase C (PKC) mu. Total cell extracts from CKS-17-stimulated Jurkat cells were immunoblotted with an anti-phospho-PKCmu antibody.