[OCULAR DISEASES, FALLS AND HIP FRACTURES].

Background: Falls occur among old people and sometimes cause fractures in the hip. There are many reasons for falls.

Objectives: To examine which ocular diseases are frequent among old people who fell and had hip fractures; to verify whether the use of glasses can prevent fall events.

CIME4R: Exploring iterative, AI-guided chemical reaction optimization campaigns in their parameter space.

Chemical reaction optimization (RO) is an iterative process that results in large, high-dimensional datasets. Current tools allow for only limited analysis and understanding of parameter spaces, making it hard for scientists to review or follow changes throughout the process. With the recent emergence of using artificial intelligence (AI) models to aid RO, another level of complexity has been added.

A Study in Scaffold Hopping: Discovery and Optimization of Thiazolopyridines as Potent Herbicides That Inhibit Acyl-ACP Thioesterase.

In the search for new chemical entities that can control resistant weeds by addressing novel modes of action (MoAs), we were interested in further exploring a compound class that contained a 1,8-naphthyridine core. By leveraging scaffold hopping methodologies, we were able to discover the new thiazolopyridine compound class that act as potent herbicidal molecules. Further biochemical investigations allowed us to identify that the thiazolopyridines inhibit acyl-acyl carrier protein (ACP) thioesterase (FAT), with this being further confirmed via an X-ray cocrystal structure.

Open-Source Chromatographic Data Analysis for Reaction Optimization and Screening.

Automation and digitalization solutions in the field of small molecule synthesis face new challenges for chemical reaction analysis, especially in the field of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Chromatographic data remains locked in vendors' hardware and software components, limiting their potential in automated workflows and data science applications. In this work, we present an open-source Python project called MOCCA for the analysis of HPLC-DAD (photodiode array detector) raw data.

Co-designed mini-games for children with visual impairment: a pilot study on their usability.

Unlabelled: Digital games aimed at improving cognitive and/or motor-sensory skills need to be carefully designed to take into account the characteristics and needs of particular categories of users. Several novel mini-games explicitly aimed at children with visual impairment (VI) were co-designed by a multidisciplinary team which involved computer engineers and a therapy team from the Robert Hollman Foundation (Padova, Italy). These games are played by children moving within a large-scale interactive environment - i.

Damage control orthopaedics in polytraumatized patients- current concepts.

The principles of fracture management in patients with multiple injuries continue to be of crucial importance. Early treatment of unstable polytraumatized patients with head, chest, abdomen or pelvic injuries, with blood loss followed by immediate fracture fixation (Early Total Care -ETC) may be associated with secondary life threatening posttraumatic systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). Development of SIRS is typically a function of the type and severity of the initial injury (the "first hit").

Indications and interventions of damage control orthopedic surgeries: an expert opinion survey.

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to gather an expert opinion survey and to evaluate the suitability of summarized indications and interventions for DCO.

Background: The indications to perform temporary surgery in musculoskeletal injuries may vary during the hospitalization and have not been defined. We performed a literature review and an expert opinion survey about the indications for damage control orthopaedics (DCO).

Long-term outcome of total knee arthroplasty in patients with morbid obesity.

Introduction: Patients with morbid obesity and advanced painful knee osteoarthritis are considered as poor candidates for total knee replacement. Our aims were to evaluate the outcomes of TKR surgery and the risks for post-operative complications in patients with morbid obesity (BMI > 40 kg/m) as compared with obese patients (30 < BMI ≤ 40 kg/m) and non-obese patients, BMI < 30 kg/m); to evaluate if there are differences between morbid-obese patients (BMI 40-49.99 kg/m) and extreme morbid obese patients (BMI > 50 kg/m); and to present some surgical tips which can improve the TKR outcomes in morbid obese patients.

A Versatile Bis-Allylboron Reagent for the Stereoselective Synthesis of Chiral Diols.

Allylboron reagents are popular in synthesis owing to their versatility and the predictable stereochemical outcomes of their reactions with carbonyl compounds. Herein, we describe the synthesis of (Z,Z)-hexadienyl bis-boronate 1, a configurationally stable, crystalline, and easy to handle compound, which represents a class of bis-allylic boron reagents with heretofore untapped synthetic potential. In combination with a chiral phosphoric acid catalyst, the reagent can be employed for the enantioselective allyl transfer reaction to a variety of one-pot transformations, enabling swift access to functionalized 1,n-diols.

Total Synthesis of (±)-Exotine B.

The heterodimeric indole/coumarin natural product exotine B was synthesized for the first time. The carbon skeleton of the natural product was formed rapidly by a palladium-catalyzed Suzuki cross-coupling reaction and a gallium-catalyzed three-component [4 + 3] cycloaddition reaction. An alternative biosynthesis of exotine B is proposed based on the total synthesis.

Enantioselective Synthesis and Racemization of (-)-Sinoracutine.

Sinoracutine is a recently isolated alkaloid with unusual stereochemical and biological properties. It features an unprecedented tetracyclic 6/6/5/5 skeleton that bears an N-methylpyrrolidine ring fused to a cyclopentenone. Interestingly, both enantiomers of sinoracutine have been independently isolated from the same plant, yet the molecule does not appear to occur as a racemate.

Surgical treatment of periprosthetic femoral fractures following hip arthroplasty: our institutional experience.

Purpose: Periprosthetic fractures are one of the most serious complications after hip replacement. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the clinical outcome of surgical treatment of periprosthetic femoral fractures following total hip arthroplasty using treatment algorithm of the Vancouver classification.

Materials And Methods: Fifty six periprosthetic femoral fractures operated on during the period December 2004-September 2013 were followed-up retrospectively.

[What are the recommendations for sport activity following total hip or total knee arthroplasty?].

Total hip and knee arthroplasty are surgical procedures usually performed in older adults aged 65-70 years and more, who suffer from arthritic joint degeneration, in order to relieve pain and improve functioning. In the past decade there have been more and more documentations of younger people, 50-60 years old and even less, who expect to participate in physical activity following these procedures. The trend today is to recommend activities which exert mild pressure on the implants such as swimming, cycling, golf, bowling, walking and cycling.

Cytokine levels (IL-4, IL-6, IL-8 and TGFβ) as potential biomarkers of systemic inflammatory response in trauma patients.

Purpose: Much research is now being conducted in order to understand the role of cytokines in the development of the inflammatory response following trauma. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether serum levels of certain cytokines, measured immediately after initial injury, can be used as potential biomarkers for predicting the development and the degree of severity of the systemic inflammatory response (SIRS) in patients with moderate and severe trauma.

Methods: We conducted a prospective study with 71 individuals of whom 13 (18.

Antithrombotic prophylaxis in major orthopaedic surgery: an historical overview and update of current recommendations.

The risk of venous thromboembolism following major orthopaedic procedures, such as joint arthroplasty and hip fracture surgery, are well recognised and represent one of the major challenges in orthopaedic practice, having in mind the increasing number of arthroplasties of the hip and knee done worldwide per year and their successful outcome. This potentially fatal complication remains a challenge in orthopaedic practice. The percentage of patients in whom antithrombotic prophylaxis has not been administrated or has been inadequate may reach 50%.

Ulnar nerve monitoring during percutaneous pinning of supracondylar fractures in children.

Background: Supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children are frequently managed by closed reduction and percutaneous pinning. Insertion of medial and lateral pins is more stable than lateral pinning alone, but carries an increased risk for ulnar nerve damage. This study describes the use of electrical stimulation concurrent with medial pin insertion as a monitoring technique for avoiding iatrogenic ulnar nerve injury.

Possible association of Toll-like receptor 9 polymorphisms with cytokine levels and posttraumatic symptoms in individuals with various types of orthopaedic trauma: early findings.

Background: Although TLR9 polymorphisms may be associated with cytokine dysregulation, its role in regulation of cytokines due to bodily trauma or in relation to acute stress symptoms or posttraumatic stress symptoms (ASS/PTS) has not been evaluated.

Aims: To assess serum cytokine levels and levels of ASS and PTS in relation to four common TLR9 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in individuals with various types of orthopaedic trauma.

Methods: Forty-eight accident-injured individuals, aged 20-60 years were studied.

[The use of antibiotic prophylaxis prior to dental procedures for the prevention of prosthetic joint infection].

Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a severe illness which may cause pain and discomfort, may damage the quality of life and may even be life-threatening. A variety of studies have demonstrated the presence of bacteria in a small but potentially dangerous number of prosthetic joint infections that may have originated in the oral cavity. Some dental treatments such as calculus removal, extractions, dental implants placements etc.

[Utilization of prosthesis in patients who underwent below-knee amputation].

Background: Thirty-two patients, among them 25 men (78.1%) and 7 women (21.9%), underwent surgery for below-knee amputation at the Western Galilee hospital, Nahariya, received a prosthesis and began rehabilitation treatment at the same hospital.

Cytokine levels as potential biomarkers for predicting the development of posttraumatic stress symptoms in casualties of accidents.

Background: Traumatic injuries are usually associated with increased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and are sometimes followed by the development of acute stress symptoms (ASS) and posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS).

Aims: To measure serum pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in accident casualties and to associate it with ASS at hospitalization, and with PTSS 1 month later.

Methods: Participants were 48 patients, aged 20-60, hospitalized following various orthopedic injuries including bone fractures, and 13 healthy volunteers matched for gender.

[Fat embolism syndrome following injuries and limb fractures].

Fat embolism syndrome is a clinical entity characterized by varying degrees of cerebral dysfunction, pulmonary changes and petechial rash that usually develop within 24-48 hours in a small percentage of victims after trauma and Long bone fractures. Deterioration can occur within a few hours Leading to unconsciousness or acute respiratory insufficiency, similar to adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The pathophysiology is still not clearly understood and there are two theories--the mechanical and biochemical cascade of events.

Treatment of articular cartilage lesions of the knee.

Treatment of articular cartilage lesions in the knee remains a challenge for the practising orthopaedic surgeon. A wide range of options are currently practised, ranging from conservative measures through various types of operations and, recently, use of growth factors and emerging gene therapy techniques. The end result of these methods is usually a fibrous repair tissue (fibrocartilage), which lacks the biomechanical characteristics of hyaline cartilage that are necessary to withstand the compressive forces distributed across the knee.