[Modern principles of the geriatric analysis in medicine].

The offered methodological principles of the geriatric analysis in medicine enables to plan economic parameters of social protection of the population, necessary amount of medical help financing, to define a structure of the qualified medical personnel training. It is shown that personal health and cognitive longevity of the person depend on the adequate system geriatric analysis and use of biological parameters monitoring in time. That allows estimate efficiency of the combined individual treatment.

[Combined use conventional and videoendosurgery in pediatric oncology].

The autors report original date on the combined use of videosurgery and open surgical intervention in 3 patients. One (1 yr 10 mo) had neuroblastoma in the posterior mediastinum spreading to the retroperitoneal region, another (5 yr) presented with neuroblastoma in the thoracic aperture region spreading to the neck, the third one (14 yr) suffered limphoepithelioma-like cancer of the thymus. The combined treatment permits to optimize the surgical procedure and avoid additional use of thoraco- and laparotomy.

[Effect of the pulse shape on electrostimulation of excitable tissues].

This paper is devoted to the consideration of the mechanisms of electrostimulation of excitable tissues used in remedial medicine. Community of biophysical principles underlying the Weiss-Lapique and Dubois-Reymond laws is emphasized. The action of stimulating pulses on biological tissues and its consequences are analysed with reference to their shape (rectangular, triangular, and exponential).

[Arterial activity and antiflutter stabilization of blood stream].

The passage of a pulse wave via an intact segment of a dog's thoracic aorta, its denerved autograft, and thoracic aortal allograft from a dog donor, was studied using equipment for arterial pressure measurement and tensometry of longitudinal and transversal blood vessel deformations at the point of pressure measurement. The frequency characteristics of the equipment were adjusted beforehand. The experiment demonstrated the impossibility of the formation and spread of a normal solitary pulse wave and preservation of laminar blood flow without an intact aortal innervation.

[Potentialities of magnetic resonance imaging in the study of renal morphofunctional state in girls with internal genital malformations and space-occupying lesions].

The diagnosis of the anatomic and functional state of urinary organs in girls with internal genital malformations and space-occupying lesions involves magnetic resonance imaging by administering the optimized dose of a magnetic resonance contrast agent (MRCA). The technology makes it possible to evaluate the anatomic features of the urinary tract (magnetic resonance urography), to perform abdominal vascular magnetic resonance angiography, and to draw a conclusion on renal functional status in the use of dynamic magnetic resonance renography. Within a study using one injected MRCA dose, both the anatomic and functional state of the kidney status can be examined, by evaluating MRCA passage singly in the cortical and medullary substances and pelvises, which increases diagnostic accuracy by 46% and promotes the optimization of management tactics in this category of patients.

[Biophysical features of microwave therapy].

Some biophysical effects of microwaves on different human body tissues were studied. Accurate estimation of heat radiation action depends on significance of experimental electric constants of body tissues. Non-linear effects in microwaves propagation in tissues explain molecular activity of this frequency range.

[Localization of accessory atrioventricular pathways in patients with manifest premature ventricular excitation syndrome by three-dimensional vector electrocardiography].

Distribution of excitation via ventricular myocardium in patients with accessory atrioventricular pathways (AAVP) was studied using three-dimensional vector ECG. Analysis of the ECGs obtained during the study formed new views on the excitation process in the myocardium in the presence of AAVP, and made it possible to formulate vector ECG (VECG) criteria of AAVP localization. In 30 cases out of 33 it was possible to correctly localize AAVP.

[Magnetic resonance imaging in the differential diagnosis of chronic endometritis: capacities and methodic features].

By examining 83 females aged 17-48 years by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the authors conclude that the specificity and sensitivity of the technique without MR contrast agents in detecting chronic endometritis (CE) and chronic metroendometritis (CME) are 75.3 and 95.9%, respectively.

[Additional diagnostical ECG parameters in particular cardial pathology].

The authors offer additional diagnostic ECG parameters including temporal dependences of the angular (phase) rotation speed of the integral electric heart vector relative to the pinning point of the vector origin, the linear speed of the transference of the terminus along the loop trajectory, as well as a new parameter, the product of vector angular speed magnitude and the magnitude of its value at each moment of time. Reference values are adduced; their changes in post-infarction patients and in Wolff Parkinson White syndrome and their sensitivity to these diseases have been analyzed.

[Methodological features of magnetic resonance imaging mammography].

By studying 211 females by currently available radiation techniques, such as X-ray study, ultrasonography, and magnetic resonance imaging mammography (MRIM), the authors consider that the specificity of contrast-enhanced MRIM (CE MRIM) is greater than that of MRIM without administering magnetic resonance contrast agents (MRCA). CE MRIM reveals clinically suspicious early-stage breast lesions and defines the stage of a tumorous process, the patients being unexposed to ionizing irradiation. CE MRIM as an auxiliary technique becomes one of the most informative ones, particularly in girls, early reproductive-age females with developed glandular tissue, and pregnant females.

[Magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of different forms of endometriosis].

The present paper examines the capacities of non-invasive MRI in the diagnosis of endometriosis. A standardized study algorithm is proposed, indications and methodology for MRI in different forms of endometriosis (EM) are specified. It is shown that in the diagnosis of different types of EM there are specific changes in the MR pattern of small pelvic organs, which allow one to make a differential diagnosis of this disease with a higher sensitivity (96%) and specificity (87%) as compared with ultrasound study.

[Spatial vector electrocardiography: technique, perspectives of use].

Potentials of the use of computer synthesis of integral electrical vector of the heart D0 are described. Calculation of spatial angular vector velocity and linear velocity of its movement along trajectory can be carried out in a framework of biophysical dipole model. Spatial presentation of vector is realized and its behavior in accordance with established pathologies discussed.

[Evaluation of the vascular wall by the spectra of Korotkov's tones].

A method has been proposed for the registration and frequency analysis of Korotkov's tones. For interpretation of spectra, the authors accept the theory which interprets the tones as an acoustic result of hydrodynamic flutter in the partially ligated arterial portion. A unit based on a multifunctional recorder with variable frequency characteristics, an analog-to-digital converter, and a computer is used to record the tones.

[Myocardial electrodynamics during electrical systole].

A dipole equivalent generator of heart is considered, which represents a circuit containing an active, capacitive and inductive resistance. The model makes it possible to solve a direct diagnostic task for the electric systole. A differential equation for the integral electrical vector of the heart in the dipole approximation was solved.

[Integral parameters of electrocardiogram: perfection of assessment].

The role of such parameter as electric quality of the heart (EQH) is assessed by a biophysical analysis of a new model of dipolic equivalent electric generator of the heart taking account of myocardial inductivity in the course of excitation. How to estimate EQH by standard ECG parameters using calculated nomogram is shown. Results of EQH estimation in the course of treatment are provided.

[Energetic aspects of propagation of action potential].

On the basis of the electrical analogue of an action potential suggested previously, the distribution of electrical field outside and inside the membrane was obtained. The energy released upon the propagation of a single action potential along the nerve fibre was calculated. A comparison of the results with the available data showed the correctness of the calculations performed.

[Electrical reverberator on the excited surface of the myocardium].

The modelling of spiral autowave (reverberator) on excited surface of the myocardium which appear in the fibrillation of heart was studied. The shape of reverberator is found. The kinematic parameters of spiral autowave were given in our paper.

[Appearance of the flutter on surface of the body of whale-like dolphins].

In the article a problem of the flow near of elastic surface body whalelike is considered. The opportunity appearance of the flutter on a surface body is shown. Additional capacity, necessary dolphin is designed at navigation in case of occurrence the flutter.

[A digital radiographic device for medical diagnosis].

The paper outlines a digital radiographic device which records radiation by scanning with a one-dimensional multiwire proportional chamber connected on-line to a computer. The device drastically reduces a dosage load on patients, improves the diagnostic potentialities of projectional radiography, yields quantitative diagnostic information, creates special diagnostic programmes, has fast-access and fire-safe archives. The device may be used for general-purpose radiographic examinations and it has advantages when used instead of conventional fluorographs.

[The mechanism of the therapeutic action of the EHF therapy of spinal osteochondrosis].

Microwave therapy (millimetric waves) was used for treatment of spinal osteochondrosis. The effect was manifest as early as the first sessions. The pain alleviated, muscular tension decreased, movements recovered, convulsions and numbness of the legs ceased.