Effects of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Mental Disorders on the Labor Market Integration of Young Syrian Refugees.

Civil war experience in the Syrian home country, insecurity and critical life events during migration, or adverse events in the receiving country might affect refugees' mental health. This paper addresses the effects of psychological distress and mental disorders on refugees' labor market integration in Germany between 2016 and 2021. We employ survey data from about 2700 young Syrians, delivering information on individuals' experience of migration and arrival in Germany in 2016.

[Course of School Absenteeism 1.5-3 Years After Initial Evaluation: Symptoms, Psychosocial Functioning, and Help-Seeking Behavior].

Course of School Absenteeism 1.5-3 Years After Initial Evaluation: Symptoms, Psychosocial Functioning, and Help-Seeking Behavior To explore the course of patients with school absenteeism 1.5-3 years after their initial evaluation, including symptoms, school attendance, psychosocial functioning, and help-seeking behavior.

The bidirectional relationship of obesity and labor market status - Findings from a German prospective panel study.

Background: Given the inconsistent findings regarding associations between obesity and unemployment, our analysis is one of the few that explores bidirectional changes in obesity and unemployment. In our prospective study, we address factors associated with the a. transition into and transition out of obesity, including unemployment, and b.

School-to-work transition and subjective well-being in Australia.

The school-to-work transition is a demanding period during an individual's life course in all societies particularly because the educational decisions made during this period have long-lasting consequences in multiple life domains. Moreover, adverse starting points after secondary school are likely to lead to adverse outcomes that might cumulate over the life course. This study analyses subjective well-being during this sensitive period and examines the following two questions.

Screening for posttraumatic stress disorder in young adult refugees from Syria and Iraq.

Introduction: In January 2016, 2057 refugees from civil war-torn Syria and Iraq, aged 18.0 to 24.9 years, were first-time entrants into the German unemployment register and thus potentially eligible for the labor market.

Towards a comprehensive assessment of school absenteeism: development and initial validation of the inventory of school attendance problems.

School attendance problems (SAPs) become manifest in many ways and are associated with multiple risk factors, calling for comprehensive assessment methods. This study documents the development of the inventory of school attendance problems (ISAP), which assesses both the quality and the function of a broad spectrum of SAPs by first asking students with SAPs to rate the intensity of symptoms prior to or at school and then to rate their impact on school attendance. An empirically generated pool of 124 items was analyzed (explorative factor analysis) using a clinical sample of N = 245 students with SAPs (53.

Low 25(OH)-vitamin D concentrations are associated with emotional and behavioral problems in German children and adolescents.

Background: Evidence has accumulated for the association between low vitamin D serum concentrations and mental health disorders in both children and adults. We performed a cross-sectional analysis in a population-based sample of children and adolescents to detect associations between 25(OH)-vitamin D serum [25(OH)D] concentrations and scores of the five Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) subscales and the total difficulties score in different age groups (age ≥3-<12 years and ≥12-<18 years).

Methods: 9068 participants of the population-based, nation-wide German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KIGGS) with information on mental health status assessed by the SDQ and 25(OH)D levels were included in the analysis.

[Economic evaluation of a manual-based, multimodal cognitive behavioural therapy for school avoiding children with psychiatric disorder].

Objective: Untreated school refusal increases the risk of a premature discontinuation of the educational career. The aim of this study is the economic evaluation of a manual-based treatment for school refusal in comparison to the standard treatment.

Method: Within the cost-minimisation analysis, resource use is measured retrospectively for six months using the CSSRI questionnaire.

[The School Refusal Assessment Scale: Psychometric properties and validation of a modified version].

Objective: Psychometric properties of the original and a modified version of the «Einschätzungsskala der Schulverweigerung» (German version of the School Refusal Assessment Scale, SRAS; Kearney & Silverman, 1993; Overmeyer et al., 1994) were analyzed in order to identify alternative ways to revise the SRAS/ESV compared to the existing revision SRAS-R (Kearney, 2002). The SRAS/ESV consists of a parent and a child version and measures four functions of school refusal (avoidance of negative affect related to school settings, escape from aversive social or evaluative situations, attention-getting behavior, positive tangible reinforcement).

The Treatment of School Avoidance in Children and Adolescents With Psychiatric Illness.

Background: 5-10% of schoolchildren in Germany are absent from school without an excuse more than five times per year. We investigate the effectiveness of manual-based, multimodal cognitive behavioral therapy focusing on school-avoidant behavior and on the underlying mental disorders.

Methods: 112 school avoiders were recruited from an outpatient child and adolescent psychiatric clinic and adaptively randomized into two treatment groups.

[The differential classification of school avoidance- a cluster-analytic investigation].

Objective: We investigated subtypes of school-avoiding children and adolescents in a German sample using cluster analysis.

Method: 169 outpatients of a specialized outpatient unit for children and adolescents with school-avoiding behavior were subjected to cluster analysis using factor scores (principal factoring, varimax-rotation: measures of internalizing and externalizing symptoms, e.g.

Impact of an 18-month, NHS-based, treatment exposure for heroin dependence: results from the London Area Treat 2000 Study.

We set out to examine the impact of treatment for heroin dependence on drug use, injecting behavior, health problems, criminality, and physical and mental health over 18 months among heroin-dependent Londoners. A total of 100 heroin users were recruited for this longitudinal prospective cohort study with repeated measures (T0 as baseline, T1 after 9 months, and T2 after 18 months). The psychiatric evaluation and assessment of drug abuse levels were determined by the CIDI and the EuropASI.

School avoidance from the point of view of child and adolescent psychiatry: symptomatology, development, course, and treatment.

Background: A considerable percentage of children and adolescents who avoid school have mental illnesses. This article reviews the typical manifestations, classification, development, course, and treatment of school-avoiding behavior.

Methods: Based on a selective review of recent literature, we present findings on the psychopathologically relevant features of school-avoiding children and adolescents, including psychiatric diagnoses, developmental, family-related, and psychological test variables.

Criteria for the successful completion of medical dissertations - A multicenter study.

Objective: In order to acquire the academic title "doctor" in Germany, it is essential to complete a dissertation. A high number of publications at German universities are based on medical dissertations. The reasons why some dissertations are successfully accomplished and why some are not completed - despite far-reaching consequences - have been barely investigated to date.

Differences between men and women in the course of opiate dependence: is there a telescoping effect?

According to the so-called telescoping effect, there is a gender-specific course of alcohol dependence with women starting alcohol use later than men and having a faster development of harmful consequences. There are inconsistent data regarding a telescoping effect in opiate dependence. In each of six European centres, 100 opiate addicts were investigated by a structured interview (mainly the EuropASI and CIDI) at admission to various kinds of treatment (TREAT project).