Modafinil Improves Autism-like Behavior in Rats by Reducing Neuroinflammation.

To evaluate the ameliorating effect of Modafinil on neuroinflammation, behavioral, and histopathological alterations in rats induced by propionic acid (PPA). Thirty male Wistar rats were used in the study, divided into 3 groups of ten subjects. One group served as a control, the subjects in the other two were given 250 mg/kg/day of PPA by intraperitoneal injection over the course of 5 days to induce autism.

Clinical-epidemiological and radiological characteristics of stroke patients: A multicentre study.

Introduction And Aim: Stroke is the leading cause of disability in adults and the second most common cause of death, at a rate of 11.8% worldwide. The purpose of this study was to examine the aetiological, demographic, and clinical characteristics of patients admitted to hospital because of acute strokes.

Exposure to hypertonic solutions during pregnancy induces autism-like behaviors via the NFAT-5 pathway in offspring in a rat model.

Objectives: to investigate the effects of hyperosmolar state (HS) on immune response and inflammation via the NFAT5 pathway and examine whether immune-mediated conditions trigger autism-like behavior in offspring.

Methods: a pregnant rat model was performed by administering hyperosmotic solutions. Pregnant rats were divided into 2 main groups; control (group I) and hyperosmolar groups (group II).

Assessment of the relation between the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and severity of ischemic stroke in a large cohort.

Aim Of Study: The NLR is a simple and inexpensive parameter that is useful as a marker of subclinical inflammation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical characteristics of patients diagnosed with acute cerebral ischemia at the time of initial evaluation in the emergency department.

Patients And Methods: The study was designed as a multicentre cross-sectional study of acute ischemic stroke patients.

Chronic Oxytocin treatment has long lasting therapeutic potential in a rat model of neonatal hypercapnic-hypoxia injury, through enhanced GABAergic signaling and by reducing hippocampal gliosis with its anti-inflammatory feature.

Previous studies have shown that, oxytocin has anticonvulsant and neuroprotective effects. One of the most important complications of Hypercapnic-hypoxia is drug resistance epilepsy. Effects of chronic intraperitoneal oxytocin treatment on gliosis, neuroinflammation and seizure activity was investigated in a model in which rats were exposed to hypoxia on postnatal day 1 and later challenged to the seizure-inducing pentylenetetrazol Forty pups were included in the study on their first day of birth.

Papaverine Has Therapeutic Potential for Sepsis-Induced Neuropathy in Rats, Possibly via the Modulation of HMGB1-RAGE Axis and Its Antioxidant Prosperities.

Aim: Our aim was to investigate the possible neuroprotective properties of papaverine in sepsis-induced critical illness neuropathy (SCIN) through the evaluation of various inflammatory biochemical markers, including interleukin 6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and oxidative stress biomarkers, such as malondialdehyde (MDA) and lactic acid. Additionally, evaluation of the HMGB1/RAGE interactions in SCIN was another target of this research.

Method: To create a sepsis model, a procedure involving intraperitoneal injection of feces was performed on 48 rats.

Exenatide, a GLP-1 analog, has healing effects on LPS-induced autism model: Inflammation, oxidative stress, gliosis, cerebral GABA, and serotonin interactions.

Previous studies have established anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective effects of Exenatide in the central nervous system. Since these mechanisms are thought to have important roles in the pathophysiology of autism, we hypothesized that Exenatide may have healing effects in autism. We tested this hypothesis by examining the effects of Exenatide in an experimental autism model created by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure in the womb, with behavioral tests, histopathological examinations, and biochemical measurements.

Erythropoietin shows gender dependent positive effects on social deficits, learning/memory impairments, neuronal loss and neuroinflammation in the lipopolysaccharide induced rat model of autism.

We aimed to evaluate the effects of EPO in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced rat model of autism in terms of social deficits, learning and memory impairments, as well as their neurochemical correlates. Sixteen female Sprague Dawley rats randomly distributed into two equel groups, then were caged with fertile males for mating. At the 10th day of pregnancy, 0.

Small fiber neuropathy and related factors in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus; the results of cutaneous silent period and skin biopsy.

Introduction: Evaluating small nerve fibers in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) using cutaneous silent period (CSP) and skin biopsy and assesssing the relationship between clinical signs, autoantibodies and neuropathic pain score.

Objective - Methods: Fifty one SLE patients and 46 healthy volunteers were included in this study. Nerve conduction studies and CSP were performed both on upper and lower limbs in subjects.

The prevalence of restless legs syndrome in patients undergoing coronary angiography and its relationship with the severity of coronary artery stenosis.

Purpose: Results from studies on the relationship between restless legs syndrome (RLS) and coronary artery disease (CAD) are conflicting. Some studies associate RLS with CAD by heart rate variability, blood pressure variability, and other autonomic, neuronal reasons, while other studies do not support these observations. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of RLS in patients undergoing coronary angiography for CAD and to assess RLS prevalence with severity of CAD.

Atorvastatin has therapeutic potential for the fatty liver-induced memory dysfunction in rats, likely via its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

This study aimed to evaluate the memory function in a rat model of fatty liver and to investigate the effects of statins on fatty liver, neuronal inflammation, oxidative stress and memory. In this study, 24 male rats were used and were divided into four groups consisting of 6 animals in each. Of them, 12 rats received liquid diet containing 35% fructose for 8 weeks in order to induce hepatosteatosis, while other animals had a normal nutrition.

Do you have restless leg syndrome? I understood from your eyes.

Purpose: According to many studies in the literature, there is a strong association between restless leg syndrome and dopaminergic dysfunction. Dopamine is also the major catecholamine in the retina and is also a possible transmitter of the amacrine and interplexiform cells. The aim of this study is to investigate the possible association between RLS and retinal thickness.

Highly selective SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin reduces seizure activity in pentylenetetrazol-induced murine model of epilepsy.

Background: Worldwide, over 10 million individuals suffer from drug-resistant epilepsy. New therapeutic strategies are needed to address this debilitating disease. Inhibition of sodium-glucose linked transporters (SGLTs), which are variably expressed in the brain, has been demonstrated to reduce seizure activity in murine models of epilepsy.

Evaluation of the association between sexual dysfunction and demyelinating plaque location and number in female multiple sclerosis patients.

Purpose To investigate the frequency of sexual dysfunction (SD) in female multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and to explore its association with the location and number of demyelinating lesions. Material and Methods We evaluated 42 female patients and 41 healthy subjects. All patients underwent neurological examination and 1.

Evaluation of long-term effects of artificial sweeteners on rat brain: a biochemical, behavioral, and histological study.

The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of artificial sweeteners (aspartame, saccharin, and sucralose) on rat brain. Twenty-four adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were included in the study. The control group (n = 6) received regular tap water, whereas other groups received aspartame (3 mg/kg/day, n = 6,) or saccharin (3 mg/kg/day, n = 6) or sucralose (1.

Neuroprotective Effects of Eexenatide in a Rotenone-Induced Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease.

Backround: Several studies suggest an association between Parkinson's disease (PD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus; these 2 diseases are both known to affect the common molecular pathways. As a synthetic agonist for the glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor, exenatide has been evaluated as a neuroprotective agent in multiple animal models. Rotenone models of PD have great potential for the investigation of PD pathology and motor and nonmotor symptoms, as well as the role of gene-environment interactions in PD causation and pathogenesis.

Neuroprotective effects of erythropoietin on Alzheimer's dementia model in rats.

Background: Although Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common age-related neurodegenerative disease and characterized by memory impairment, only symptomatic treatments are available.

Objectives: Because recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) has various neuroprotective effects and improves cognitive function in animal models of neurodegenerative disorders, we investigated the therapeutic effects of rhEPO in an intracerebroventricular (ICV)-streptozotocin (STZ) animal model of sporadic-AD.

Material And Methods: A total of 24 Sprague-Dawley adult rats were divided into 4 groups of naive control (n = 6), sham-operated (n = 6), ICV-STZ + saline (n = 6) and ICV-STZ + rhEPO (n = 6).

Evaluation of Overactive Bladder in Male Antidepressant Users: A Prospective Study.

Purpose: In this study, we investigated overactive bladder (OAB) functions in male patients who used antidepressant drugs (ADs) that were previously examined in female patients, based on conflicting data in literature regarding the effects of AD on OAB and the differences between male and female urinary system physiologies (anatomical and hormonal).

Methods: The study included 202 male patients (a control group of 90 healthy subjects, and an experimental group of 112 patients taking ADs for different disorders). All the patients completed the overactive bladder-validated 8 (OAB-V8) questionnaire, the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form (ICIQ-SF), and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDS).

Neuroprotective effects of octreotide on diabetic neuropathy in rats.

The purpose of the present study is to investigate the possible healing effects of octreotide (OCT) on motor performance, electrophysiological and histopathological findings of diabetic neuropathy in a rat model of diabetes mellitus (DM). To induce diabetes, rats were administered a single dose (60mg/kg) of streptozotocin (STZ). Diabetic rats were treated either with saline (1ml/kg/day, n=7) or OCT (0.

Accumulation of -Synuclein in Cerebellar Purkinje Cells of Diabetic Rats and Its Potential Relationship with Inflammation and Oxidative Stress Markers.

The present study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between plasma oxidative stress markers such as malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH), inflammatory marker pentraxin-3 (PTX3), and cerebellar accumulation of -synuclein in streptozotocin- (STZ-) induced diabetes model in rats. Twelve rats were included in the study. Diabetes ( = 6) was induced with a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ, 60 mg/kg).

Investigation of Nerve Conduction Studies of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Cases With Different Risk Factors: An Electrodiagnostic Study.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine whether there are electrodiagnostic differences between carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) patients with diabetes mellitus, CTS + hypothyroidism (HT), CTS + fibromyalgia syndrome, CTS + rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and idiopathic CTS cases, by comparing nerve conduction studies.

Methods: This research examined electrophysiologic studies of 47 untreated HT + CTS, 47 diabetes mellitus + CTS, 49 RA + CTS, 52 fibromyalgia syndrome + CTS, 50 idiopathic CTS cases, and a healthy control group of 50 individuals (a total of 293 patients and 433 hands with CTS).

Results: There were no significant differences between the groups in terms of sex and age.

Rebaudioside A inhibits pentylenetetrazol-induced convulsions in rats.

The safety of patients with epilepsy consuming sweetening agents, which is becoming increasingly prevalent for various reasons, is a topic that should be emphasized as sensitively as it is for other diseases. Patients with epilepsy consume sweetening agents for different reasons such being diabetic or overweight. They can occasionally be exposed to sweetening agents unrestrainedly through consuming convenience food, primarily beverages.

A comparison of risk factors and prognosis between intra and extracranial acute atherosclerotic stroke in the Turkish population: a prospective study.

Background: The aim of this study was to compare the differences in risk factors and prognosis between acute stroke caused by definitive intracranial atherosclerosis (ICAS) or extracranial atherosclerosis (ECAS) in the Turkısh population.

Methods: This study was prospectively designed in a single centre and conducted with patients who were hospitalised due to acute ischaemic stroke. Inclusion criteria were the diagnosis of atherosclerotic ischaemic stroke, defined as more than 50% stenosis or occlusion in the arterial structure supplying the ischaemic area, having excluded other possible causes.