Weight gain in pregnancy according to maternal height and weight.

Weight gain during pregnancy is of great importance for the health of mother and child. There is considerable individual variability with regard to the weight gain, with maternal height and pre-pregnancy body weight being important determinants. We aim to assess the usefulness of the maternal body mass index (BMI) and other ways of combining maternal weight and height in predicting weight gain during pregnancy.

The size of cycle-to-cycle variability in biomechanical exposure among butchers performing a standardised cutting task.

The effects of employment duration and pain development on motor variability were investigated during repetitive work. Electromyographic (EMG) and kinematics data from two previous studies were re-analysed. Newly employed butchers were followed prospectively in relation to employment duration and pain development.

Improved safety of autologous breast reconstruction surgery by stabilisation of microsurgical vessel anastomoses using fibrin sealant in 349 free DIEP or fascia-muscle-sparing (fms)-TRAM flaps: a two-centre study.

Background: We routinely perform free DIEP flap and fascia-muscle-sparing (fms) TRAM flap procedures using fibrin sealant to stabilise anastomosed vessels, thus avoiding some of the difficulties associated with microsurgical anastomoses.

Methods: Women undergoing elective, autologous breast reconstruction with free DIEP flaps or fms-TRAM flaps between June 2004 and June 2007 in two Interdisciplinary Breast Centres were included in a retrospective chart review.

Results: A total of 349 breast reconstructions were performed in 325 women.

Effects of contraction intensity on muscle fascicle and stretch reflex behavior in the human triceps surae.

The aims of this study were to examine changes in the distribution of a stretch to the muscle fascicles with changes in contraction intensity in the human triceps surae and to relate fascicle stretch responses to short-latency stretch reflex behavior. Thirteen healthy subjects were seated in an ankle ergometer, and dorsiflexion stretches (8 degrees ; 250 degrees /s) were applied to the triceps surae at different moment levels (0-100% of maximal voluntary contraction). Surface EMG was recorded in the medial gastrocnemius, soleus, and tibialis anterior muscles, and ultrasound was used to measure medial gastrocnemius and soleus fascicle lengths.

OPTN policy regarding prioritization of patients with hepatopulmonary syndrome: does it provide equitable organ allocation?

United Network for Organ Transplantation (UNOS) policy 3.6.4.

Correlation of visual function impairment and OCT findings in patients with Stargardt disease and fundus flavimaculatus.

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between morphologic lesions of the retina and functional abnormalities in patients with Stargardt disease (STGD) and fundus flavimaculatus (FFM). DESIGN. Case-controlled, prospective, comparative observational study.

[The influence of previous pregnancy terminations, miscarriages and still-births on the incidence of babies with low birth weight and premature births as well as a somatic classification of newborns].

Aim: The influence of previous interruptions, miscarriages and IUFD on the IUGR and preterm rate as well as on the somatic staging (gestational age and birth weight) of the new born is a subject of controversial discussion in the literature. The present paper attempts to quantify these risks of the medical history. 2 282 412 singleton pregnancies of the period 1995 to 2000 were evaluated from the German Perinatal Database.

Residual attentional capacity amongst young and elderly during dual and triple task walking.

Walking is considered an automatic function which demands little attentional resources. Thus a residual attentional capacity is available for a concurrent task (dual task). Minor age-related deficits in postural control may minimize the residual attentional capacity, however this may not be detected by a simple examination of the individuals gait performance.

Pregnancy outcome is associated with maternal marital status in Austria--even at the beginning of the 21st century.

Human reproduction is a biological phenomenon, however, sociocultural factors such as marital status influence pregnancy outcome and reproductive success. In the present study the impact of maternal marital status on pregnancy outcome was tested for all births, which had taken place in Austria between 1999 and 2004, which met the following criteria: single births, nulliparity, mothers older than 19 years (n = 179 830). The rate of preterm delivery (< 37 beginning weeks of gestation) and rate of low birth weight (< 2500 g) among term births were significantly higher among unmarried mothers in comparison to married mothers.

[Reasons for the delayed realisation of pregnancy. Results of a questionnaire among women in childbed in the new (east) and old (west) federal states of Germany in 1998-2000].

Background: The number of live births in Germany has decreased by 46.7 % from 1 261 614 in 1960 to 672 675 in 2006. The causes for this are manifold.

Anticipatory postural control strategies related to predictive perturbations.

Unlabelled: Balance reactions can be seen as responses to sensory information on a feedback basis, but when a balance threatening situation can be predicted, an anticipatory postural control strategy can be used. This study describes characteristics of proactive postural adjustments related to repetitive rhythmic perturbations. Furthermore, the study aimed to investigate age dependency of these anticipatory strategies.

[The shortening of the duration of pregnancy due to smoking and associated costs for perinatal health care in Germany].

Background: As about 20 % of pregnant women smoke, 137,000 of the 685,795 neonates delivered in Germany in 2005 have been affected by smoking during pregnancy. Caring for neonates born prematurely because of smoking results in additional costs. We have attempted to estimate these costs.

[Standard values for the weight gain in pregnancy according to maternal height and weight].

Background: The weight gain during pregnancy is influenced by maternal body weight and height and is an important determinant of maternal and neonatal health. In this study we present standard values for the weight gain in pregnancy depending on maternal weight and height.

Materials And Methods: Data of about 2.

Picosecond time resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy of a tetracene film on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite: dynamical relaxation, trap emission, and superradiance.

A detailed time resolved investigation of the photoluminescence of a thin tetracene film deposited on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite is presented. In agreement with Lim et al. [Phys.

Low birth weight, but not postnatal weight gain, aggravates the course of nephrotic syndrome.

Clinical and animal studies have shown a higher risk of an aggravated course of renal disease in childhood after birth for babies small for gestational age (SGA). In addition relative "supernutrition" and fast weight gain in early infancy seem to support the development of later disease. In a retrospective analysis of 62 cases of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome treated between 1994 and 2004 at a university centre for paediatric nephrology, we related the course of disease to birth weight and to the weight gain in the first 2 years of life.

[The relationship between body weight, body height, body mass index and weight gain during pregnancy].

Background: The weight gain during pregnancy is influenced by maternal body weight and height. With this study we want to illustrate the relationship between weight, height, body mass index (BMI) and the weight gain in pregnancy.

Materials And Methods: Data of about 2.

Older donor livers show early severe histological activity, fibrosis, and graft failure after liver transplantation for hepatitis C.

Background: In hepatitis C virus (HCV)-positive liver transplant recipients, infection of the allograft and recurrent liver disease are important problems. Increased donor age has emerged as an important variable affecting patient and graft survival; however, specific age cutoffs and risk ratios for poor histologic outcomes and graft survival are not clear.

Methods: A longitudinal database of all HCV-positive patients transplanted at our center during an 11-year period was used to identify 111 patients who received 124 liver transplants.

Rhabdomyolysis and necrotic bowel after acetaminophen and ibuprofen overdose.

A 28-year-old man with schizophrenia intentionally ingested a lethal dose of acetaminophen and an unknown quantity of ibuprofen. He arrived at the hospital with acute renal and fulminant liver failure complicated by rhabdomyolysis. His creatine kinase level was 20,306 U/L on admission, which increased to 245,595 U/L by hospital day 2, and subsequently decreased to 339 U/L by day 16.

Fetal growth is increased by maternal type 1 diabetes and HLA DR4-related gene interactions.

Aims/hypothesis: Intrauterine growth in non-diabetic pregnancies is reported to be influenced by type 1 diabetes susceptibility genes. In particular, the high-risk HLA DR4_DQB1*0302 haplotype is associated with increased birthweight. The aim of this study was to determine whether HLA DR4 was associated with increased birthweight in a maternal diabetes environment and whether effects persisted during early childhood.

Fall risk in an active elderly population--can it be assessed?

Background: Falls amongst elderly people are often associated with fractures. Training of balance and physical performance can reduce fall risk; however, it remains a challenge to identify individuals at increased risk of falling to whom this training should be offered. It is believed that fall risk can be assessed by testing balance performance.

Risk factors for hepatitis C fibrosis: a prospective study of United States veterans compared with nonveterans.

Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection causes cirrhosis in many infected patients; however, a better understanding of the risk factors for fibrosis progression in high HCV prevalence groups such as US veterans is needed. We wished to compare the demographic, clinical characteristics, and independent variables that influence fibrosis in US veterans vs nonveterans with chronic HCV. HCV-seropositive US veterans (n = 459) and nonveterans (n = 395) prospectively completed a detailed medical, social and occupational questionnaire.

Photodynamic therapy vs limited macular translocation in the management of subfoveal choroidal neovascularization in pathologic myopia: a two-year study.

Purpose: To compare the results of limited macular translocation and photodynamic therapy (PDT) in subfoveal choroidal neovascularization (CNV) attributable to pathologic myopia with a 24-month follow-up.

Design: Retrospective analysis of nonrandomized interventional clinical study.

Methods: Retrospective review of 66 consecutive patients: 34 myopic eyes with subfoveal neovascularization treated by PDT and 32 operated on with the translocation technique.

A cyclosporine-based immunosuppressive regimen may be better than tacrolimus for long-term liver allograft survival in recipients transplanted for hepatitis C.

Unlabelled: Rapid recurrence of severe hepatitis C (HCV) after liver transplantation is a major barrier to survival of the transplanted liver. While cyclosporine (CsA) in vitro has been shown to suppress HCV replication, an effect is not seen with tacrolimus (Tac). Evidence is inconsistent whether or how this translates to clinical practice.

Focality assessment in transcranial magnetic stimulation with double and cone coils.

To evaluate the performance with respect to selectivity of the effect of the wings bending in the cone coil relative to the double coil in transcranial magnetic stimulation. The focal area and the width vector of the central lobe of the induced electrical field distributed along an elliptic surface approximating the cortex were computed for four coil models. The models represented the real coils, the double B70 and the cone B80 Medtronic, and their corresponding simulated flat coils (B70flat and B80flat).